Harris: Cows, Pigs, Wars and Witches
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This 5 page paper discusses Marvin Harris's book "Cows, Pigs, Wars and Witches: the Riddles of Culture. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: HVMHaris.rtf

Hawaiian Sorcery
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A 3 page research paper that examines Hawaiian newspaper articles that were published between October 20, 1866 and February 2, 1871, in which Samuel Kamakau recorded information on Hawaiian culture at a time when native Hawaiians still recalled much of their heritage. However, today references that were perfectly clear to his Hawaiian readership are intriguingly enigmatic to readers totally unfamiliar with Hawaiian culture. Nevertheless, it is possible to differentiate between the various forms of Hawaiian sorcery. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khhawmag.rtf

HEALTH AND DEMOGRAPHICAL CONTRAST AND COMPARISON OF JAPAN TO INDONESIA
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This 10 page paper compares demographic data between Japan and Indonesia, makes predictions, explains trends, and gives historical indicators. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MBindjapan.rtf

Hieroglyphics
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This 5 page paper is an annotated bibliography of 15 items for the subject "hieroglyphics."
Filename: HVHierog.rtf

Hispanic Cultures in the United States
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This 7 page paper examines four different groups of people--Salvadorans, Puerto Ricans, Mexicans and Cubans--and compares and contrasts their immigration experience. The paper focuses on values and how these groups differ in terms of family life, political life and so forth. Several examples are provided and a final analysis of similarities and differences is included. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: SA632His.rtf

Historical Anthropology Questions
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A 9 page paper that answers three questions about historical anthropology. Topics include evolution of social cultural change, colonial projects and memory practices. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: khisan.rtf

Historical Method and Ancient Literary Texts
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A 6 page discussion of the need for caution when using ancient literary texts to interpret history. The author of this paper points out that the modern historian needs to consider such factors as authorship, language, structure and form, sources, and literary meaning in undertaking historical research. Even more important, however, is reviewing a text in its historical context. Numerous examples are presented from the classical world of all the factors which can influence the accuracy of ancient texts. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPhistLt.rtf

Homo Erectus
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A 5 page research paper on Homo Erectus -- an early evolutionary version of human originally believed to have started in Africa, and now in Asia. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Homoerec.wps

HOMO RUDOLFENSIS
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This 6 page paper discusses the theories and possibilities with the discovery of homo rudolfensis. Analysis of phylogeny, habits, and other attributes discussed. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MBhomorudo.rtf

Homo Sapiens Development: 18,000 to 5,000 years ago
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8 pages in length. The writer discusses changes that occurred during this time period as they relate to the cultural development of Homo sapiens. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TLCsapen.wps

How Museums are Viewed by Anthropologists
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This 5 page paper looks at both sides of the controversial nature of museums. The paper supports the position that museums misrepresent ethnic communities around the world. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA 109Mus.wps

How Performance Studies has Benefitted from Anthropology:
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This 10 page paper examines the historical approach to performance studies and illustrates how the emergence of a multi-disciplinary approach has benefitted this research. Furthermore, the benefits of such an approach are discussed and outlined, as major contributors to this philosophy are outlined throughout the research. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: GSPerman.rtf

How the Elderly are Treated in Various Cultures
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This 7 page paper examines the plight of the elderly and how they are treated in the United States, as well as in two other cultures which are the Tiwi of Northern Australia and the Abkhasians of Caucasus. The cultures are examined with the use of the concepts of functionalism, interactionism and conflict theory. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA346eld.rtf

Howard Carter’s Contribution to the Development of Archaeology
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A 9 page paper which details the life and work of Howard Carter, the British archaeologist. Specific reference is made to the discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamen and the importance of this excavation in many areas of archaeology and Egyptology. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: JLarch.wps

Human Evolution: Physical and Cultural Changes
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A 4 page overview of human evolution. This paper traces the path from ardipithecus to Homo sapiens. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPhumEv2.rtf

Ice Cream / Cultural Symbol and Example of Good Business
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A 6 page research paper in which the writer examines the phenomena of America's love for ice cream as well as some of the inner-working of companies such as Ben & Jerry's and the efforts that these mega-enterprises have made to ensure quality human resources and low turnover. Bibliography lists approximately 4 sources.
Filename: Icecream.wps

Identity as an Aspect of Material Culture and Influences of the Dominant Culture and Subcultures with Contemporary North America
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This is a 10 page paper discussing the issues of identity and material culture. In the determination of the idea of identity within the American culture it is important to realize that there are many different factors which must be included. This paper addresses the issue of how the dominant culture and subcultures within the American society are defined through fashions, trends, norms, and beliefs and how these subcultures can be influenced by advertising, fashions, definitions of beauty, and different issues in relation to acceptance or reaction against material culture. Urban and American identity is segregated based on subcultures that are defined by various aspects including ethnicity, race, religion, region, age, gender, class and education among many other variants. Individuals within society define their identity by either an acceptance or rejection of the norms within a certain subculture or within the dominant culture. By doing so new subcultures are formed within society as can be seen over the course of history in North America which is evident in the development of changes in the social, civil, political, and fashion trends over time. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TJident1.rtf

IDEOLOGICAL SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MESOPOTATMIA, EGYPT, GREECE, ROME, AND RENAISSANCE EUROPE
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This 5 page paper dicusses the similarities and differences between the ancient cultures and the newer culture of the Renaissance.Bibliographpy lists 5 sources.
Filename: MBcvlizatin.rtf

Illusion v. Reality
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A 5 page essay that examines three books: Wait Till Next Year by D.K. Goodwin; M. Butterfly by D.H. Hwang and The Emperor's Giraffe by S.M. Wilson. The writer looks at each book and how it expresses the dichotomies between illusion and reality and how these two elements are frequently socially intertwined. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khilreal.rtf

IMMIGRATION IN AUSTRALIA (1980-1990).
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This 15 page paper contrasts and compares the 1980's to the 1990's immigration patterns, motives and consequences in Australia. Issues related to immigration are discussed and the impact of increase immigration to Australia. Australia's immigration policies are discussed as well as the reaction by the world to those policies. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: MBausim.rtf

Indigenous Cultures of Venezuela
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5 pages in length. Discussion of the Yamamao and Pemon tribes inhabiting the rain forests. Their culture, marriage patterns and the problems they are facing with the destruction of the rain forests are all covered in this interesting paper concerning these ancient and primitive peoples. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: JGAyanom.wps

Indigenous Cultures of Venezuela
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7 pages in length. Discussion of the Yamamao and Pemon tribes inhabiting the rain forests. Their culture, marriage patterns and the problems they are facing with the destruction of the rain forests are all covered in this interesting paper concerning these ancient and primitive peoples. Also includes discussion on recent attempts to civilize these people. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: JGAyacul.wps

Indigenous Peoples of the Arctic, Subarctic, and Great Basin
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This 4 page paper examines key issues in assimilation and adaptation for groups in these regions. Language is discussed as a problem. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: SA411ind.rtf

Indo-Americans Propose Melting Pot Resolution
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A 7 page piece that discusses two issues confronting Indo-Americans (Americans from India) today--discrimination and cultural identity. The paper provides an historical perspective on how diversity within the Indian community was created and what that means to the Indo-American community. In response to the identity crisis, the paper posits the call of some Indo-American leaders for the true formation of an American melting pot rather than strict ethnocism. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Indoamer.wps

Influence of Gender/Ethnography
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A 6 page essay that contrasts and compares Nisa (1981) by Marjorie Shostak and In an Antique Land (1992) by Amitav Ghosh. Ethnography constitutes an area of research that reaches into the most intimate details of personal life, as researchers seek to understand a particular culture, from the inside out. Due to the gendered nature of culture in most societies, this necessarily means that the male ethnographers have an easier time establishing rapport with men and, likewise, the female researcher finds it easier to learn about a culture from talking with women. The gender of the ethnographer has a direct influence on the manner in which research is conducted. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khinfeth.rtf

Institutionalised Social Inequality
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This 4 page paper looks at the shift to institutionalised social inequality in prehistory and the way this occurred along with the changes that were associated with it; including increasingly complex social systems, population density and access to resources and the different styles of leadership. The bibliography cites 19 sources.
Filename: TEinehistr.rtf

INTERCONECTEDNESS OF THE WORLD’S CULTURES
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This 5 page semiotics paper discusses early Europe and the interconnectedness of cultures despite the lack of communication and access to one another. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: MBsemconet.rtf

Interpretive Anthropology: A Non-Scientific Mode of Inquiry
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A 4 page overview of interpretive anthropology. Using the work of Clifford Geertz as an example, the author emphasizes the importance of interpretive anthropology while contrasting it with more quantitative approaches. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPanthGz.rtf

Interview With an Old Woman in New York
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This 10 page paper provides a fictitious interview with a 75 year old woman who grew up in New York during the twenties. Her personal history relates to historical events in the city including the Triangle Factory fire and the Great Depression. The paper spans close to a century as the writer reflects on the interview conducted in 1979. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Nylady.wps

Interview, Moroccan Immigrant
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A 3 page essay/research paper that offers a cultural exploration of a Moroccan woman, Sada, who immigrated to the US at the age of seventeen. The writer discusses what was learned from this informant and what questions remain unanswered. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: khinsada.rtf

Into the Heart / A Book Review
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A 3 page analytical reaction to Kenneth Good's book entitled "Into the Heart." The text is about Good's voyage to Venezuela where he studied the ways of the Yanomama tribe;-- a Stone Age group known as the "fierce people" whose customs are nothing short of surprising. No Bibliography.
Filename: Intohart.wps

Is Cultural Anthropology a Science?: An Address of the Interrelationship of the Qualitative verses the Quantitative Approach
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A 5 page paper addressing the question of the nature of cultural anthropology. The author utilizes the case study presented in Anne Fadiman's ethnography "The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down" to illustrate the differences in approach typically entailed by mainstream medicine and tradition. The emphasis that cultural anthropology, and indeed medicine, must be both inductive and deductive, both quantitative and qualitative, is presented. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPanthSc.rtf

Is Facial Communication Universal?
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A 10 page discussion of facial expression. Utilizes the research in the field to explore the question of whether or not certain facial expressions are universal in their meaning, e.g. that they have the same meaning regardless of the cultural context. Contrasts the view that facial expression are solely cultural manifestations and thus vary in meaning according to culture and the view that these expressions are biological in their basis and thus have the same meaning regardless of the cultural context. Concludes that while some expressions are universal in their meaning, facial expression is dependent not only on biology but also on culture and on minute-specific details of an encounter. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPcomFac.wps

Italian - Americans In The United States
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This 11 page report examines many aspects of Italian immigration. Health, occupation and other issues are explored, including a look at Italian neighborhoods in the New York area. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: Italamer.wps

Ivory Coast Women
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A 5 page research paper investigating women who live in the Ivory Coast. Examples of women entrepreneurs are offered as well as a discussion about other women who are operating home-type businesses. Bibliography includes four references.
Filename: Ivoryc.wps

Jamaican Culture In London
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This 40 page paper looks at the Jamaican community living in London and examines the influence that they have had on the wider community and the way in which that community has effected them. Issues such as the language, racism, schooling, housing, politics, religion and the arts are all discussed with their influence being assessed in both directions. Examples and cases are cited to demonstrate the influences. The paper includes two graphs and cites 19 sources.
Filename: TEjamaca.wps

Jane Goodall And Monica Moore: Anthropological Study
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The art of observation is the single most important aspect of ethnographic research. This 5 page paper compares an essay on first observations by Jane Goodall with Nonverbal Courtship Patterns In Women from Monica Moore. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: KTgoodll.wps

Japan & China/Fine Arts
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A 5 page research paper that examines the area of commonality between Japan and China. Due to the influx of Chinese culture into Japan in the fifth and sixth centuries, these two ancient cultures share quite a few characteristics in common. However, even though the Japanese borrowed quite a bit culturally from the Chinese, it is characteristic of this people that whatever they appropriate, they transmute into something new and truly Japanese in its conception. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: 90jpart.rtf

Japan's Food Culture
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A 5 page examination of the differences which exist between Japan and the United States in terms of food choices. The author emphasizes that while Japanese culture has many of the same problems and manifestations of Western culture but at the same time it has a uniqueness which is characterized by an intricate balance between all of its cultural facets. Japanese food preferences reflect a direct tie between her environment, her traditions, and her contemporary challenges. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPjapFd.rtf

Japanese Influence on American Culture
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This 4 page paper looks at Japanese culture and how it has impacted the United States. Various aspects are explored including business practices and general philosophical issues. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA117Jap.doc

Japanese Vs. American Development of Self-Concept
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A 15 page paper on the factors that make up self-concept in each country. The writer describes how the mythology, religion, social setting, child-rearing and concepts of success define who people are in each culture. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Japanvam.wps

Jared Diamond/"Guns, Germs and Steel"
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A 5 page analysis of "Guns, Germs and Steel" by evolutionary biologist Jared Diamond, who argues that the European dominance of the history of Western civilization was due to advantages in the natural environment that emerged in prehistory and gave Eurasia a "head start." No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99ggsetc.wps

Jewish Reform Movement -- Ethics Movement
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A 10 page paper on the Reform Jewish Movement that discusses immigration to the United States, and the background behind that immigration, including population statistics, contributions of the Reform Movement to American society in general and to its own membership--concentration on civil and human rights issues. It also discusses the Reform Movement's involvement in the creation of a world Jewry. Bibliography includes 10 sources.
Filename: Reformje.wps

Jibber Jabber
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things that mean nothing
Filename: duda.rtf

Jibber Jabber
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things that mean nothing
Filename: duda1.rtf