I Fight Like A Woman - Women's Rights In China
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A 5 page overview of women's plight in China and how that plight was addressed by the 1995 United Nations women's conference in Beijing. Concludes that while the conference resulted in little overt impact to women's rights in China it is the little positives which resulted which will ultimately make a difference. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: Chinwomn.wps

Pang-Mei Natasha Chang/ Bound Feet & Western Dress
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A 5 page analysis of Chang's memoir, which depicts not only her own life, but the story of her grand-aunt's as well. Chang's great-aunt, born during the Box Rebellion, had an extraordinary life that demonstrates the tension that existed in China between new Western ideas and Chinese tradition. A remarkable book, the writer argues that this narrative has a great deal to say to all women. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99pmnch.wps

Problems of Women in Rural China
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A 3 page paper which examines the problems currently faced by women in rural China and some solutions which have been suggested. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Rurchina.wps

Spence's 'Death of Woman Wang' / Female Non-Personhood
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A 5 page paper examining this book by Jonathan D. Spence. Looking at social conditions in seventeenth century China, the paper argues that women in this era were essentially not considered to be people at all. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: Wangwomn.wps

Spence's 'Death of Woman Wang' / Social Abuse
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A 5 page paper examining the theme of domestic abuse in 17th century China in this book by Jonathan D. Spence. The paper argues that because Chinese society placed so much power in the hands of one gender at the expense of another, tragedies like the brutal death of Mrs. Wang were inevitable. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: Womnwang.rtf

The Idea of Womanhood in Traditional Chinese Society
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Since as early as the 7th century B.C., women in China have been permitted to hold positions of power and even lead in prominent positions as national figureheads. Unfortunately, no level of leadership, education or social prominence for women could change the patriarchal nature of traditional Chinese society. From the early Han Dynasty to the last of the Chinese dynasties, the Ch'ing Dynasty (17th-early 20th centuries) women have played significant and defining roles in the political structure of China, though these roles have been defined by the death of their husbands and their circumstances rather than by the social acceptability of female leaders in Chinese society. This 5 page paper reflects the lives of a number of prominent women in Chinese history, including Ban Zhao of the Han dynasty, Song Ruoxin of the Tang, Empress Wu Zeitan of the Zhou Dynasty, and Tzu-Hsi, dowager Empress of the Ch'ing Dynasty and defines the impact of the patriarchal definitions in determining their impact on history. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Womnchin.rtf

The Role of Women in Chinese Literature
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This 5 page paper is divided into to segments: the first addresses the role of women and the different female perspectives presented in Chinese literature during the Tang and Song dynasties, and relates gender differences based on authorship; and the second segment considers the social changes that occurred in China after the An Lushan Rebellion of 755. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Chinale.wps

The Role Of Women In The Chinese Family: Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior - Memoirs Of A Girlhood Among Ghosts And Fae Myenne Ng's Bone
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This 5 page paper provides a comparison of the central theme of the role of women within the family structure of Chinese and Chinese-immigrants as related through Maxine Hong Kingston's The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood among Ghosts, and Fae Myenne Ng's Bone. This paper not only considers the role of women in the family, but also relates this role to the Chinese mythology and the perspectives of individuals women within the development of these stories. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Kingch.wps

Tzu Hsi, the Empress Dowager of China
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A 5 page research paper on the life of Tzu Hsi, who has the mother of the emperor became the power behind the throne of China for fifty years. Ambitious, xenophobic, anti-modern and superstitious, she lived a life of luxury and ostentation to the detriment of her country. Her rule, rather then preserving traditional Chinese culture as she desired, undoubtedly hastened the dominance of China by the foreign influences. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: 90tzuhsi.rtf

Women Contesting the Gender Ideals of Late Imperial China
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A 5 page paper which examines the historical social, textual and bodily practices which constructed the ideals of the female gender and women's ability to contest these gender boundaries in late Imperial China. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Genchina.wps

Women in Chinese Culture Analyzed
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This 15 page research paper examines the role of women throughout China's cultural history. Specifically considered are women's roles from a historical perspective, the theme of 'big' tradition (government) vs. ‘little' tradition (household and the masses) and the outlook of women in China today. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: Chinwom.wps

Kant, Suzuki, & The Philosophy Of Zen Buddhism
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A 6 page paper on the differences and similarities between the theories and philosophies of Immanual Kant, and Suzuki Roshi. It gives some insight into each of these two philosophies, explaining how they work in practice and in theory. The writer also discusses how each effect life today. No bibliography.
Filename: Kantzen.wps

Human Rights in China & the U.S.
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This 10 page paper outlines the differences in perception between the United States and China in terms of human rights issues. The 1989 Tiananmen Square incident is highlighted as a significant example as well as an occurrence that changed foreign policy. Also explored is whether or not there can be an objective human rights determination; the paper concludes that human rights issues are subjective and rely largely on cultural perceptions. Bibliography lists 8 sources
Filename: Humchin.wps

Democracy In China
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A 12 page research paper dealing with the background and development of the democracy movement in China which culminated in the student demonstrations of 1989 in Tiananmen Square. The writer concentrates on the book The Deng Xiaoping Era by Maurice Meisner since this scholarly work gives an excellent overview of the events, politically and culturally, which contributed to the development of the movement. This paper demonstrates that with a thorough knowledge of the background of the movement the rather inexplicable events of 1989 begin to make sense within their own cultural framework. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Demchina.wps

Tiananmen Square / An Historical Perspective
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A 6 page paper that traces the political history of the Gate of Heavenly Peace, and then explores the six weeks leading up to the Tiananmen Square Massacre. The paper provides 3 viewpoints on the deaths involved, and ends with two quotes, one from an intellectual involved in the occupation of the Square and the other from Xioaping Deng--that shows the diverse outlook on the occupation. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Tian.wps

Tiananmen Square Remembered
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An 8 page creative essay in which the writer tells what happened on that fateful day from the semi-fictional perspective of someone who was actually there [based on documented eyewitness accounts]. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Tiansq.wps

Taoism -- Approach to Turbulence Analyzed
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This 6 page research paper examines the emergence of Taoism in feudal China. Specifically considered are the natural characteristics and elements of Taoism such as the explanation of the universe, invisible and visible Tao, good and evil, morality and the consequences of going against the teachings of Tao. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Taoism2.rtf

Taoism in Feudal China
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This 8 page research paper examines the emergence of Taoism as a response to the war-like mentality of feudal China. Specifically considered are the similarities and differences between Taoism and Confucianism and the elements of Taoism as discussed in Lao Tzu's official text, Tao Te Ching, on such issues as the natural explanation of the universe, invisible and visible Tao, characteristics, causes of world misery, war, material greed, lawlessness, and desires. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Taofeud.wps

Taoism -- Ancient Chinese Religion
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A complete, 9 page overview of Taoism-- an ancient Chinese religion. The writer discusses the philosophy, traditions, practices, and rituals of Taoist people as well as some of their legends and sacred scripts. Variations of Taoism, Taoism's relevance to Confucianism, and the endurance of the religion today-- are among the many other subtopics covered in this comprehensive discussion. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Taoism.wps

Notions of Rulership in Chinese State Craft in 'Tao Te Ching' and Writings of Han Fei
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A 7 page paper which compares and contrasts the notions of rulership in Lao Zi's Tao Te Ching (Dao De Jing) and the writings of Han Fei to consider whether it is possible to read Lao Zi as a political theorist, how this limits the interpretation of Tao Te Ching, how Han Fei incorporates Lao Zi-like mysticism in his view of the ideal polity, with particular attention to the role of the individual in his political philosophy. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TGlaohan.rtf

Tao Te Ching
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a 6 page paper on this Chinese philosophy. The writer explores the history of Tao and gives a summary of its basic principles. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Taoching.wps

Confuscianism, Taoism, Legalism
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A 5 page paper that discusses Arthur Waley's [author of book w/ same name] opinion and categorization of pre-Han eastern religious/philosophical debates in regard these three dimensions of thought. The writer argues that Waley's view is limited by his own interpretation of the that discourse. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: Conftao.wps

Confucius, Alexander the Great & Socrates / A Comparison
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A 4 page comparison of three historical figures, Confucius, Alexander the Great and Socrates. Discusses the accomplishments of each and presents a comparison of military verses philosophical pursuits. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPconfuc.wps

Israeli and Palestinian Conflict 1947- 1987
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This informative and concisely written 9 page paper looks at the history surrounding the State of Israel and its conflict with the Palestinians as well as its' Arab neighbours. The origins of the State of Israel are briefly considered with the paper concentrating on the period between 1947 and 1987. This includes The United Nations partition plan; the Six Day War; the formation of the Palestinian Liberation Army; the Cairo agreement; the Yom Kippur War; the role President Sadat of Egypt; President Carter and the Camp David Accords and the 1987 intiffada. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEisrael.wps

Anchee Min/Red Azalea
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A 5 page essay on Anchee Min's autobiographical account—Red Azalea-- of her life in China under Chairman Mao. While some Chinese Americans have accused Min of fictionalizing part of her account, the writer argues that Min's narrative has the ring of authenticity. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99azalea.rtf

China's Fall To Communism
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A 10 page paper discussing the rise of China's Communist party under the leadership of Mao Zedong, with emphasis on the Long March. In many ways it appears that China's Communist party was victorious almost more as a result of Chaing Kai-Shek's weak leadership than because of their own superior abilities. Without his unnatural obsession for eradicating Communists rather than foreign invaders, the observed history of China likely would be far different. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Chinalco.wps

Mao and Kim / Two Faces Of Communism, Two Faces Of Famine
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A 6 page overview of the politics of Mao Tse-tung in the People's Republic of China and those of Kim Il Sung in North Korea. Points out the similarities and concludes that each was responsible for the tremendous famines experienced and being experienced by their countries. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Mao&kim.wps
Filename: Mao&kim.wps

Mao Zedong / Legacy
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A 5 page essay on the history of Mao Zedong's government through historian eyes and the eyes of civilians during the period. The writer discusses Mao's policies, and how they applied to individuals—and how they are still a huge influence upon China. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Maodong.wps

The Last Emperor
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A 6 page paper discussing the many events that have taken place since the end of imperial China and the removal of the last emperor, Puyi. Issues addressed include China’s involvement with Japan, the growth of the People’s Republic of China, Mao Tse-tung, and the war of 1911, which essentially ended the imperial rule. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RAemper.wps

The Modernization of China
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A 7 page research paper on the collision course that is forming between China's steadily growing population and the corresponding increasing need for food. China has over one-fifth of the world's population, but only about a seventh of the world's arable land. Experts fear that China may be headed for another famine equal to the one which followed Mao's push toward industrialization in the 1950s. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Modchina.wps

History of Jews in China
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This 10 page report discusses the history of the Jews in China. Approximately 1,000 years ago, of Jewish traders from the Middle East who settled in the Sung dynasty's imperial capital of Kaifeng along the Yellow River in east central China. They openly prayed in Hebrew, observed Jewish dietary laws, circumcised their newborn sons and built a synagogue facing Jerusalem in which to worship. They lived in peace for centuries, eventually establishing a Jewish society and culture that has been estimated to range in numbers between 5,000 to 9,000 people. In the 1930s and 1940’s, there were an estimated 30,000-40,000 Jews in China. Most of whom left after the end of World War II or during the Cultural Revolution. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BWchina.rtf

Differences & Similarities Between Lenin, Stalin, & Mao
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An 10 page reseach paper analyzing the similarities and differences of Lenin, Stalin, and Mao. The impact they had on their country is discussed. Further, a comparison is made between the writings of Lenin, Hitler and Mussolini. All were fanatics, all were dictators, all blamed another segment of their society for everything that was wrong. Extensive bibliography is included.
Filename: Lenstalin.wps

History of Jews in China
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This 15 page report discusses the history of the Jews in China. Approximately 1,000 years ago, of Jewish traders from the Middle East who settled in the Sung dynasty's imperial capital of Kaifeng along the Yellow River in east central China. They openly prayed in Hebrew, observed Jewish dietary laws, circumcised their newborn sons and built a synagogue facing Jerusalem in which to worship. They lived in peace for centuries, eventually establishing a Jewish society and culture that has been estimated to range in numbers between 5,000 to 9,000 people. In the 1930s and 1940’s, there were an estimated 30,000-40,000 Jews in China. Most of whom left after the end of World War II or during the Cultural Revolution. Bibliography lists 7 sources. This paper is an extension of BWchina.rtf.
Filename: BWchin15.rtf

The Human Rights Policy of The United Nations & Implementation of Those Policies in China
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In 5 pages the author discusses the human rights policy of the United Nations and an analysis of the implementation of those policies in China. 'The UN human rights committees focus their goals on human rights violations, and ensuring equality on all aspects. China has been cited as a violator of the human rights covenants that were established by the United Nations.' Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Unrights.wps

Social Hierarchy: Similarities Between Old Regime Europe, America, Hindu India and Confucian China
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A 7 page discussion of the similarities between four distinct geographic and political regions in terms of social hierarchy. Emphasizes the role of the lower classes in shaping and supporting each region. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPsocHei.wps

Principles Of Confucianism
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This 10 page paper examines the Eastern philosophy (and religion) known as Confucianism. Specifically, there will be a discussion of the philosophy's origins, the emergence of Confucian schools of thought, tenets, rituals and principles as outlined in the classics and books of Confucianism. Bibliography lists 10+ sources.
Filename: Confuphi.wps

Ezra Pound / Philosophy & Works
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9 pages in length. Ezra Pound was an American avant-garde poet, critic, and translator, who exerted an enormous influence over the development of English and American poetry and criticism during the early 20th century. Interestingly, Pound actually led the Modernist interest in Chinese poetry and is therefore quite significant to Asian studies. Report is largely a comprehensive, sociopolitical examination of Ezra Pound's influence, philosophy, and style. Bibliography lists 5 critical sources.
Filename: Ezrapoun.wps

Heidegger, Zen Buddhism, and the Value of Meditative Thinking
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A 9 page paper outlining the teachings of Heidegger and Zen Buddhists. The writer examines the similarities in both views of reality, self, and the value of meditation as it relates to their ideas. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: Heidegge.wps

Concepts of Ritual and Law in Confucius, Mencius & Han Fei
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A 6 page paper considers the concepts and social function of rituals and laws in the writings of Confucius, Mencius and Han Fei, specifically, how rituals and laws relate to each other, according to each philosopher, their similarities and/or differences, the preferable way of ensuring ritual, law and order, as well as how each depends on the philosophers' individual concept of human nature. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TGritlaw.rtf

Confucius And Benevolence
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8 pages in length. The writer discusses how Confucius recognized the fact that humanity has turned into a selfish, egotistical and myopic entity. No longer are people more concerned with others than they are with themselves. This move away from benevolence has caused considerable harm to man's reputation, as well as to the manner in which people interact. However, there does not appear to be any signs of significant change to this gross lack of social responsibility; therefore, it is safe to assume that mankind will continue down the road of self-centeredness. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TLCconfu.wps

Confucius vs. Plato / Their Ideas On Society & State
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This 11 page research paper compares and contrasts the views of Confucius and Plato on society and the creation of a ruling state. Specifically discussed are the nature of man in terms of good and evil, what role, if any, a higher power plays; whether or not morality can be learned; and the purpose of the state and qualities of its leaders. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Conplato.wps

The Analects of Confucius
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A 6 page research paper on the history, value and significance of Confucius' Analects, a multi-volume, 2,500 year old collection of his sayings put into writing after his death by his followers. Confucius had something to say about every aspect of human life within the confines of his society, truths that today, even with all the societal changes that have ocurred over the centuries, remain truths applicable still to human life that Confucius worked so fervently to improve. Bibliography lists 6+ sources.
Filename: Confucis.wps

Confucianism / Book Review
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5 page review and discussion of the book 'An Outline of Confucianism' by D.Y. Lee. Author describes the history and evolution of this core philosophy.
Filename: Confucia.wps

CHINA ECONOMIC REFORM AFTER 1949: A RESEARCH PERSPECTIVE
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This 7-page paper is an analysis of the Chinese Economic Reform movement after Mao's takeover of mainland China in 1949. The paper touches on the benefits of the reform (i.e., wiping out the feudalistic and subservient culture) and the disadvantages, namely a decrease in agricultural resources and business innovation. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: MTchiref.rtf

Chen Village & Long Bow: / Communism Spreads Through Village Communities
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A 7 page research paper in which the writer considers the way in which village communities were utilized as central focuses for the spread of communism during the first half of the 20th century in China. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: Chenvill.wps