Payback Time/ Reparations for Slavery
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A 6 page research paper that examines the social issue as to whether or not reparations should be made to the African American descendants of slavery. The writer argues on behalf of such legislation. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: 99repara.wps

Black Crime and Unfair Sentencing
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An 11 page research paper discussing in great detail the subject of blacks who commit crime and the sentences that they receive. Examines the disparity between white sentencing and black sentencing--makes strong arguments. Bibliography contains 8 sources.
Filename: Blackcri.wps

Discrimination / Cause & Effect
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In 6 pages, the writer discusses the cause and effect of discrimination. The Rodney King case is used as one of the prime examples. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Discking.wps

Black Literature: The Changing Aesthetic Norms In The 20th Century
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6 pages in length. Black literature has made tremendous strides throughout the twentieth century. With the invaluable help of such historical figures as Rosa Parks, James Weldon Johnson, Richard Wright, Karenga and W.E.B. Dubois, the representation of blacks within the boundaries of literary arts has indeed blossomed. The writer discusses how within their individual works and endeavors, each one was significantly responsible for establishing black literature as the respected and appreciated entity it is today. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCBlkLt.wps

Minority Women In Criminal Justice Positions
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A 9 page paper in which the writer discusses the success story of Vicki Miles-LaGrange -- an African-American woman named by Bill Clinton to serve as U.S. Attorney. Examples of several other such women are provided as well. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Wmncrimj.rtf

Origins and Evolution of Black Politics and the Enlightenment's Project of Modernity
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This 5 page report discusses the parallels between the origins and evolution of Black politics and the Enlightenment's project of modernity. The shift from 'modernity' to 'post-modernity' has been duplicated in the process that resulted in the development of modern politics for the African American community in the United States. Parallels between the emergence of Black politics in the U.S. and the entire process of 'modern' thinking actually can be compared to the development of the 'Enlightenment' of earlier centuries and its focus on 'modernity.' Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BWblkmod.rtf

Origins and Evolution of Black Politics and the Enlightenment's Project of Modernity
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This 7 page report discusses the parallels between the origins and evolution of Black politics and the Enlightenment's project of modernity. The shift from 'modernity' to 'post-modernity' has been duplicated in the process that resulted in the development of modern politics for the African American community in the United States. Parallels between the emergence of Black politics in the U.S. and the entire process of 'modern' thinking actually can be compared to the development of the 'Enlightenment' of earlier centuries and its focus on 'modernity.' Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BWblkmod.wps

African - Americans in American Politics
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A comprehensive, analytical 20 page discussion of the role that African-Americans have played in U.S. sociopolitics. Concepts such as Black nationalism (among others) and multiculturalism are explored. Bibliography lists at least 15 sources.
Filename: Afropoli.wps

Black Political Power in the United States: Where To Next?
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A nine-page research paper on the problem African-Americans have had in gaining economic and political parity in the United States, with particular reference to the institution of 'majority-minority' voting districts. Included is the failure of the political process, e.g., electing increased numbers of black politicians to office, to increase the political or economic well-being of black people, and possible political and economic alternatives. Bibliography cites five sources.
Filename: 99bpow.rtf

Deracialization in Black Politics
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A 5 page analysis of the political strategy of deracialization as it is used in black political campaigns. This term refers to the refers to the conduction of a political campaign by a black candidate in which racial issues and themes are minimized thereby appealing to more white voters. The writer discusses the implications of this strategy and its relationship to traditional black politics. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Polblack.wps

African-Americans & Irish Americans/Views
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A 15 page research paper on the reasons why African-Americans and Irish-Americans each have different, opposing views of Affirmative Action in the United States. The writer finds that their different backgrounds in this country (i.e. slavery vs. immigration) are the apparent reasons. Paper is pro-affirmative action -- Bibliography lists 12 comprehensive sources.
Filename: Afroiris.wps

The Autobiography Of An Ex-Colored Man By James Weldon Johnson
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In 5 pages the author discusses 'The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man' by James Weldon Johnson. The author attempts to show how 'passing' is destructive in that it prevents the narrator from finding his identity. He does not know if he belongs in the category of black or white. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Excolor.wps

President Kennedy's Civil Rights Legacy Analyzed
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A 5 page paper which questions whether President John F. Kennedy actually left behind a legacy of civil rights, or if it was merely a facade created to perpetuate the slain leader's memory. Specifically considered are whether or not JFK actually achieved anything in civil rights, why or why not, and the motives behind his involvement in civil rights. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Jfkcivil.wps

Eurocentrism & Afrocentrism / Contrasting Views and the Significance for Race Relations
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An 8 page paper that considers the differences between Eurocentrism and Afrocentrism and relates them in terms of the perceptions of Molei Kete Asante and Mary Lefkowitz. This paper demonstrates the arguments presented by both theorists and then considers their implication for race relations. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Eurafro.wps

Environmental Racism & Landfills of the Inner-City
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A 20 page analytical paper examining the idea that large inner-cities seem to have their sanitation landfills strategically located in and around minority neighborhoods. A discussion of relevant case law, economic rationale, and environmental concern is provided. The writer posits that elected officials must take action or be held responsible for the harmful effects that nearby garbage dumps have upon members of the African-American and Latino communities. Bibliography lists 19 sources.
Filename: Garbager.wps

Educational Imperatives For African American Boys In Elementary Education
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A 25 page research paper that examines the way in which changes in arrest rates and crime statistics for African American youth has affected perceptions about boys from this ethnic group which are then generalized in the classroom to low status positions, low expectations for academic success, and lack of access to opportunities to achieve educationally. The paper shows how these issues have been addressed both in the educational research literature and in interventions in the classroom, and makes the point that there are, in fact, effective solutions which are not being discussed or addressed as part of the national public debate on education. Bibliography lists 52 sources.
Filename: Educaf.wps

Dr. W.E.B. Dubois, A Leader Among Leaders
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A well written ten page paper on one of the greatest Black leaders in American history. Follow his career from being the first African American to earn a Harvard Ph.D. to Ghana where he eventually renounced his US citizenship. His idea and literary works live on today. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: CWDubo.rtf

Kenneth O'Reilly's 'Nixon's Piano'
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In 10 pages, the writer provides a critical analysis of 'Nixon's Piano' by Kenneth O'Reilly. Nixon's Piano essentially looks at the history of racial politics among American presidents. O'Reilly maps out more than 200 years of the intersection of race and politics in America -- especially criticizing Nixon's stance [or lack thereof] on Civil Rights issues.. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Nixpiano.wps

Elaine Brown/'Taste of Power'
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A 5 page analysis of the autobiography of Elaine Brown, who briefly led the Black Panthers in the early 1970s. Brown offers a revealing look into the dynamics of an organization that symbolized the militant left in the Civil Rights movement, the organization that FBI director J. Edgar Hoover referred to as the greatest internal threat facing American national security. Brown's frank discourse reveals the sexism that was inherent in the black power politics of this organization. No other sources cited.
Filename: 99ebpow.wps

The Civil Rights Movement / Its Importance to Educational Equality
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A 3 page overview of the positive results of the Civil Rights Movement on Education. Identifies bilingual education and the Civil Rights Act as being perhaps the two most important spin-offs of this movement. Relies heavily on 'Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society' (1998) by Donna Gollnick and Philip Chinn. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Eduequa2.wps

Central High School / Landmark Event In The Civil Rights Movement
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A 15 page piece on how the efforts of the black students at Central High School helped advanced the movement. This paper covers the students' sacrifice and the effects it had in the courts and on government. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Desegre.wps

Civil Rights
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This 5 page paper compares the civil rights movement of the sixties as with those that occurred during the earlier part of the century. Figures such as Booker T. Washington and W.E.B.DuBois are discussed. The September 1998 racial disturbances in New York are used as examples of why the fight for equality is still not over. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Civrite.wps

Civil Rights in the Twentieth Century - The African American Reality
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This 12 page report discusses civil rights and the civil rights movement of the past century. While it was a time of social change in America that was unprecedented, it is also essential to understand that while it accomplished much, it did not solve America's civil liberty and racial problems. No other ethnic group has had this more carefully documented in the past fifty years than the African American community. Information is available from sources ranging from popular fiction to the scholarly archives of hundreds of universities. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: BWciv20.wps

James Meredith
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This 5 page report discusses the young man who in 1962 found himself as the focal point of the civil rights movement when he became the first African American to enroll at the University of Mississippi, 'Ole Miss.' Four years later, he was gunned down while leading the 'March Against Fear,' an effort to encourage African Americans to vote. He has remained active in civil rights but his conservative views have alienated many. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BWmered.rtf

Robert Weisbrot's 'Freedom Bound: A History of the Civil Rights Movement'
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This 3 page report is an overview of Weisbrot's chronicle of the major events of America's civil rights movement. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: Freeboun.wps

The Civil Rights Era and the Student Movement
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This 7 page paper looks at the civil rights and student movements and compares their objectives and techniques. The discussion includes reasons why the movements began peacefully but ended with violence. The movements are compared and contrasted. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA26Civ.wps

The Civil Rights Movement & the Black Middle Class
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A 11 page research paper, plus a 1 page proposal for that paper, that examines how the civil rights movement has caused the creation of a large, African-American middle class in contemporary America. The writer offers an overview of the civil rights era and argues that this large black middle class has reaped the benefits of that era, as well as furthering its goals. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: 90civil.rtf

The Civil Rights Movement in America
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This 6 page paper looks at the consequences of civil rights law and the movement itself. It answers that question as to whether or not people are better off today, as a result. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SACivil.wps

The Success Of The Civil Rights Movement
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A 5 page research paper that examines the success of the civil rights movement of the 1960s. The writer argues that this social movement was incredibly successful as it forever changed American culture and ended officially sanctioned prejudice. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Succiv.wps

The Importance of Booker T. Washington & W.E.B. DuBois to African-American Education & Intellectual Thought
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A 5 page paper which examines the diverse influences of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois in terms of early twentieth-century African-American education and intellectual thought, including their differing definitions of education, their interpretations of education to the freed slave, the basis for their beliefs, and a consideration of Washington's 'Atlanta Compromise.' Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TGbtweb.wps

Josephine Baker & Diana Ross - Divas of Harlem's History
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A 7 page paper that compares Josephine Baker and Diana Ross and the contribution that each has made to the advancement of African American music. Included is a discussion of the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s and 1930s and the effect this era had on black entertainment. Also included is a brief history of the changes that have shaped African American music from the time of the Harlem Renaissance to the present. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: LCHarlem.doc

Affects Of Racial Stereotypes On Society
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5 pages in length. Society has been struggling to overcome centuries of racism, racial conflicts and racial polarization. There is virtually no segment of society that is not affected by racial stereotypes, which are oversimplified or mistaken attitudes, opinions or judgments. From school children to the workplace, from the entertainment industry to the sports world, racial stereotypes are an integral part of society's framework. Indeed, a perfect society would reflect an attitude of equality -- rather than one of segregation -- toward the myriad ethnicities that exist in today's world; however, as much as humanity has moved away from racism, there have been just as many issues that have stalled its continuation. The writer discusses how racial stereotypes affect society. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: RacialSt.wps

Colonial Racism
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A 5 page paper which discusses the origins of racism in colonial times. The majority of the power that lies behind issues of racism in the colonial times stems from issues of labor and capitalism, if nothing else. The more powerful Europeans needed labor for all their endeavors and the dark skinned individuals were easier to control, both religiously and physically, in the areas of rationalizing and identifying. It was natural for the colonialists to see people they owned as inferior and the fact that they were dark skinned made them easier to identify as inferior and thereby creating issues of racism. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAcolon.wps

Why Are All The Black Kids Sitting Together In The Cafeteria? : Beverly Tatum's Views On Addressing Racism In Children
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This 5 page paper considers the major themes in Beverly Tatum's work Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria? and the argument presented by Tatum about the initiation of racist perspectives in children and recognizing this issue as a means of reducing the cultural acceptability of racism. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Tatum4.wps

The Need For Male Black Teachers In Elementary Schools
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A 5 page essay discussing the need for Black male teachers at the elementary school level. Teaching does not seem to be a career choice of the African-American population; currently only 8% of the entire teaching force is African-American. But Black children need Black teachers, especially male teachers as role models. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Blakteac.wps

Jones/Mutiny on the Amistad
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A 5 page analysis of Howard Jones' account of the Amistad case, in which black captives seized control of a slave ship in the early 1800s and tried to return to Africa. The writer argues that Jones demonstrates how the repercussions of the Amistad case went far beyond its immediate effect on the defendants, but rather affected the course of the American abolitionist movement, foreign relations with Spain, and the perspective that those involved toward the legal system of the US. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 90amstad.rtf

Misconceptions about Affirmative Action
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A 7 page research paper that examines the white male backlash against affirmative action and offers a rebuttal against some of the assumed ideas of this movement. The writer argues that there are numerous misconceptions concerning affirmative action and that these programs are still needed. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: 90afmact.rtf

Affirmative Action in Canada
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14 pages on multiculturalism and affirmative action in Canada. The writer describes how Canada has just barely begun to recognize the falseness of her perceived racial harmonies and examines the inherent problems that exist with regard to racial assimilation in Canada. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: Affircan.wps

African-Americans & Racism
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A 10 page paper that demonstrates the processes that fhave led to an increase in institutional racism rather than a decrease. The writer suggests that the decline of Affirmative Action over the past few years has led to increased support for racial inequities and demonstrated the lack of equality in housing, employment and educational opportunities for many Blacks. Bilbiography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Racism.wps

Affirmative Action
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A 5 page paper that provides an overview of the issues regarding Affirmative Action as presented by two different authors, liberal economist Barbara Bergmann ('In Defense of Affirmative Action') and conservative historian Thomas Sowell ('Civil Rights: Rhetoric or Reality'). This paper demonstrates the complexity of the issues related to the Affirmative Action debate. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Affbook.wps

Affirmative Action # 3
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This 4 page paper argues against affirmative action programs, with particular reference to 1996 legislation that sparked recent controversy. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Afact2.wps

Affirmative Action / Do We Really Need It ?
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A 16 page exploration of three decades of Affirmative Action policies. Includes the pro's and con's of Affirmative Action and an examination of current public sentiment towards these policies. Bibliography lists several sources.
Filename: Afact.wps

Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity Employment
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In 5 pages, the author discusses affirmative action and equal opportunity employment. Examples of both policies are discussed. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Affequal.wps

Affirmative Action Has Always Existed For Whites In America
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3 pages in length. The American white race has always been afforded the benefits of affirmative action, which has not set well with those of other ethnic backgrounds. Without having been formally established, this unwritten Caucasian preference has not only established a significant separation between and among the races, but it has also created deep-seated resentment from the African-American point of view. The writer discusses how Ellis Cose's book entitled 'The Rage Of A Privileged Class' directly addresses these issues in such a way as to point out the considerable discrepancies with regard to Caucasian preferential treatment. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Eliscose.wps

Affirmative Action Needs Altering
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A 5 page paper which argues that Affirmative Action is not doing what it was designed to do and in light of such reality it has harmed African Americans as well as the rest of the population of this country. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAaachng.wps