"Black Picket Fences" by Mary Pattillo McCoy
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A 5 page paper which provides a general overview of Mary Pattillo McCoy's "Black Picket Fences." McCoy's book details, through interviews, the conditions being experienced in Black middle class today. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RApicket.rtf

"Colored People": The History of the Term
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This 3 page paper considers the various terms applied to African Americans over the years, whether or not the term "colored people" is derogatory, and whether the NAACP should consider changing its name. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: HVColPeo.rtf

"Disparate Diasporas": Identity and Politics in An African-Nicaraguan Community:
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A 6 page discussion of the book by Edmund Gordon. Provides a brief history of Nicaragua and examines the downfall of the Sandinista regime. Discusses the role of blacks in Nicaraguan history. Concludes that although blacks were very much a part of modernizing Nicaragua from a structural point but they had little influence either ideologically or politically until recent years. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPdiaspo.wps

"How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America"
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A 5 page paper which critically analyzes Manning Marable's book "How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America." No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAmanning.wps

"Passing" By Nella Larsen
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6 pages in length. Nella Larsen's Passing possesses many important components with regard to marriage that, if not taken in their direct context, will be overlooked by the average reader. It is essential to also look beyond the author's obvious intention with regard to the story's overall meaning so as not to miss the grand but elusive subtleties she includes about marital relationships. To be sure, Larsen's writing incorporates a significant amount of blatancy while also implying considerable obscurity, a dichotomy that has served to be the cornerstone of the author's works, which have successfully stood the test of time. Without question, this tale of social woe provides a unique insight into the relationships among men, women, society and the overall expectations made of each one with regard to the confines of marriage. No additional sources cited.
Filename: TLCpassg.rtf

"Rabbit-Proof Fence" and Other Insights into Aborigine Subjugation
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An 8 page discussion of the concept of manifest destiny as it is illustrated in the film "Rabbit-Proof Fence". The author reviews the plot of this film and compares the blatant discrimination experienced by the characters with other acts of discrimination conducted against other aboriginal peoples around the world. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPaboRbb.rtf

"Three Negro Classics"
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A 5 page paper which discusses what the various authors in "Three Negro Classics" believe is necessary to move ahead in American society. "Three Negro Classics" is comprised of Booker T. Washington's "Up From Slavery," W.E.B. DuBois's "The Souls of Black Folk," and James Weldon Johnson's "The Autobiography of an Ex-colored Man." No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAthree.rtf

(The) Black Panthers
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8 pages about the Black Panther party of the 1960's and 70's. Discusses their role, their purpose, and the government's "plot" to exterminate them. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Blackpan.wps

19th Century Images and African Americans
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A 3 page paper which examines how the 19th century images of African Americans reflects their experiences. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: RA19afam.rtf

A Call to Arms - Alice Walker's Message of Activism in Anything We Love Can Be Saved
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A 6 page paper that presents a critical analysis of two of the essays found in Alice Walker's collection entitled Anything We Love Can Be Saved and the ultimate message of activism that is presented by each of these essays. Discussed are the essays "The Only Reason You Want to Go to Heaven is That You Have Been Driven Out of Your Mind: Off Your Land and Out of Your Lover's Arms" and "You Have All Seen: If The Women of the World Were Comfortable, This Would Be a Comfortable World". Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: LCWalker.doc

A Critical Assessment of the Sullivan and Esmail Article "From Racial Uplift to Personal Economic Security"
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This 3 page paper provides a detailed critique of the Sullivan and Esmail Article "From Racial Uplift to Personal Economic Security"
Filename: HVSulliv.rtf

A Divergent View of the Black Female Experience in the Latter Nineteenth Century: Charlotte Forten and the Slave Women of the Fields
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A 5 page overview of life as it was for slave women in the late latter nineteenth century. This paper contrasts those experiences with those of Charlotte Forten, a free black woman of relative privilege. The author contends that, although Forten was sympathetic to the black plight, her experiences are hardly comparable to the day to day existence of the slave. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPwmFght.rtf

A History and Analysis of CORE (The Congress of Racial Equality)
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A 10 page paper which examines the history of CORE (The Congress of Racial Equality) and analyzes the organization. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RAcore2.rtf

A Portrayal Of Oppression and Prejudice in Feminist Literature
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This 11 page paper looks at Zami: A New Spelling Of My Name" By Audre Lorde and the way in which we can see social criticism of different forms of prejudice include gender, race and sexuality. The way this is communicated in the book, and the underlying message are considered by looking at social norms and the way in which, as a reader, we may interpret the book. The bibliography cites 4 sources.
Filename: TEzanial.doc

A Review of "Black Is the Color of the Cosmos : Essays on Afro-American Literature and Culture" by Charles T. Davis
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A 5 page review of the work of one of the most effective black writers of the twentieth century. A collection of a variety of Davis' most important essays, the book serves as a much needed compendium of the work of this tremendously important black author. Starting with an examination of the debates which encompassed black literary circles of the 1960s and 1970s, Davis compares the perspectives of a variety of different writers and academics before turning his attention specifically to the black slave narratives and then to Ralph Ellison, James Baldwin, Paul Laurence Dunbar, Jean Toomer, Robert Hayden, and other key figures in black history. The most interesting aspect of this book by far, however, is Davis' attention to the slave narrative as a critical component of black written history. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPblkCos.wps

A Review of "Mill and Town in South Carolina":
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This 5 page paper discusses the book "Mill and Town in South Carolina" by David L. Carlton. This book is about the early days of the cotton mills and Carlton uses this book to describe the cotton industry, race relations, culture in the South, etc. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: GSMilltw.rtf

A Review of "Race Matters" by Cornel West
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A 5 page discussion of race relations in the United States. Contends that the subject of race relations is a key philosophical issue precipitated in the United States largely by the presence of African Americans. It is an issue which has been broached by many black leaders of our past, and indeed the leaders of today and our future. Cornel West is one of those leaders. He is, in fact, one of the most eloquent and influential black writers of contemporary times. West views white America as an oppressor of black America, an oppressor which operates through daily attacks on black attributes such as intelligence, beauty, ability, and character. Central to this racial bias is economics and the capitalist system which emphasizes individuality over community and competition over cooperation. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPblkWst.wps

A Review of W.E.B. DuBois' "The Souls of Black Folks"
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A 5 page discussion of the cultural environment in which "The Souls of Black Folk" was written and the message which the author sought to convey. Contends that the general public at this time was not very tolerant of blacks in general and W.E.B. DuBois was not only black, he had an impressive education and was considerably influential. Ironically, these same qualities somewhat alienated W.E.B. DuBois even from some of his own people. Even in this historical context, however, "The Souls of Black Folks" was regarded as a beautiful insight into the African American culture. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPblkSls.wps

A. Philip Randolph and the Brotherhood of the Sleeping Car Porters
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A 5 page paper which argues how A. Philip Randolph made a difference in the lives of many African Americans through his struggle in the Brotherhood of the Sleeping Car Porters as it related to the union. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RAcarpor.rtf

Academic Achievement in McCall's Makes Me Wanna Holler
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This 7 page paper examines McCall's Makes Me Wanna Holler and how the author's own actions held him back, but then would later help him. A discussion on how respect is more important than academics in the black male world is also included. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA406MWH.rtf

Adam Clayton Powell, Jr (1908 - 1972)
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A 6 page paper that discusses Adam Clayton Powell's political career. The is a greater emphasis on the years between 1961 and 1966 when Powell was chairman of the House Committee on Labor and Education. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PGpowl.wps

Address by George C. Fraser
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8 pages. This paper focuses on a speech given by George C. Fraser entitled "Rebuilding the Extended Family, the Power and Importance of Effective Networking." This speech has many motivational strategies, logical strategies and structure, all of which will be discussed in this paper. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: JGAfrser.rtf

Addressing Outreach for Pregnant African American Women in Oakland County, Michigan
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A 15 page paper discussing whether Pontiac, Michigan should institute a program targeting the city's African American population of women of child-bearing age. Infant mortality within this population is higher than that of any other ethnic group, and that within Pontiac is greater than Michigan's average. The paper examines results of California - where activity is supported by policy - and North Carolina, where effort is limited to effort only. It is California that has the greatest success, for it allows the working poor also to have access to the medical services needed for prenatal care. The paper suggests that Pontiac take the same approach, and market the program more through direct contact in public places than through printed material that all women may not be able to read. Bibliography lists 19 sources.
Filename: KShlthCareMI.wps

Addressing The Problem
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Like people, written documents or verbal communications can take on a life of their own. They can be powerful, charismatic and the inherent 'personality' can change a world. This 6 page paper compares the Declaration of Independence with the "I have a Dream" speech by Martin Luther King. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: KTdeckng.wps

Affirmative Action
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This 5 page paper examines affirmative action and its history. How it is employed in the public and private sector is a part of the discussion. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA822aa.rtf

AFFIRMATIVE ACTION
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of the issue of Affirmative Action, both sides of the debate, the stakeholders, and a possible thesis statement for a study on this issue. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MHAffAc4.rtf

Affirmative Action
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7 pages in length. When affirmative action was first introduced, its primary purpose was to give minority groups the same -- or better -- chance as their white counterparts. What that meant for the academic world was if two entrance candidates were equally qualified on all levels, yet one was a minority and the other was white, the minority would automatically be accepted. There are times, however, when an underqualified minority wins out over a qualified white male just to meet the necessary quota. The writer discusses the background and ideology of affirmative action. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TLCAfrmA.rtf

Affirmative Action Doesn't Work
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A 6 page paper which argues that Affirmatve Action, in its present condition, does not work as intended. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAaffactno.wps

Affirmative Action in Business
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This 13 page paper provides an overview of the role that affirmative action plays in the decision-making in business. This paper assesses the views of managers and human resources management and the impact for interactions in the workplace setting. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: MHHRaffi.wps

Affirmative Action's Decreased Relevance
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A 6 page paper discussing whether there is any reason to continue affirmative action policies now. In attempting to assess the true impact of affirmative action policies over the years, there is disagreement regarding degrees of wage gains, but there is little disparity of opinion in the fact that gains have been made. Whatever positive effects affirmative action policies have had over the years, those policies' usefulness now appears to be dated and irrelevant themselves. There seems to be little if any legitimate reason to continue them. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: KSaffActEnd.wps

Affirmative Action’s Continuing Relevance
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A 4 page paper discussing the current relevance of affirmative action initiative in light of organizations’ discovery of the benefits of the diverse workforce. The goal, however, should be to discourage discrimination of any kind. In this light, businesses should strive to build workforces more diverse than the law requires. Not only is it good for business in general, it also allows the organization greater freedom in hiring so that it can first select candidates based on qualification, rather than on demographic characteristics. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: KSafAction04.rtf

Affirmative Action: Pros and Cons
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This 6 page paper provides a pro/con argument regarding affirmative action. This paper outlines both sides of the argument, and show general support for continued application of affirmative action. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MHAffir2.rtf

Affirmative Action: Argument For Its Rejection As A Policy Of Federal And State Government
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4 pages in length. The original concept of affirmative action had everyone confident that an equitable approach to ethnic discrimination may truly have been found; not only were minorities given a better opportunity to secure a good education and better jobs, but they were taking part in an unprecedented social project to infuse greater diversity in an otherwise imbalanced society. However, the program never quite achieved its objectives in the manner intended, instead creating a backlash of reverse discrimination against white students and job applicants who – by the very nature of their academic achievement and occupational performance – were overlooked for university acceptance and employment. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: TLCAffAcRej.rtf

Affirmative Action: General Identification
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3 pages in length. Viable solutions to deep-rooted social problems often come with a pretty high price tag where compromise is concerned; where two or more sides of a given issue are incapable of working out the situation for everyone's benefit, social policy will step in and institute a solution where one party greatly benefits over the others. The extent to which affirmative action began as a principled approach to bringing minorities greater social, academic and economic equity is both grand and far-reaching; that this very same program has only served to dumb down the minority population while at the same time create a situation of reverse discrimination against whites speaks to a once-viable solution that has long overstayed its welcome. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: TLCAffAcID.rtf

Affirmative Action: Not Necessary For Business
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6 pages in length. Some critics contend that affirmative action has had a crippling effect upon minority groups because of its obvious message of inferiority. It has, in all actuality, described minorities as being unable to fend for themselves within the business environment, always having to depend upon assistance if they ever want to succeed. However, others believe that just the opposite has occurred, in that minorities have come to take full advantage without having a modicum of concern for the white males they are squeezing out of the system. The writer argues how affirmative action is not necessary for business. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TLCAffBz.rtf

Affirmative Action: Unpopular But Necessary
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4 pages in length. Because of inbred cultural racism, affirmative action policies should continue in order to bring equality and inclusion to African American citizens as they relate to education, employment and economic advancements. There is no question that the original intent of affirmative action was to empower minority groups with the legal support they needed as a means by which to overcome educational shortcomings; however, history has clearly proven the fact that affirmative action's quest to equalize those groups has instead allowed for legalized prejudicial practices against white males. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCaffac.wps

African American Cultural Continuity
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A 5 page paper which examines African-American cultural continuity and how it has remained essentially the same since the 1960s. The African-American community is examined from the inside and outside -- how they regard other cultural groups and how whites and Hispanics view them. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Contcult.wps

African American Culture in the Media: Ebonics and Advertising
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A 4 page discussion of how African American culture is being reflected in the media. Television advertising is particularly interesting in this regard in that there is a greater and greater tendency to produce advertisements using ebonics, a form of communication developed by the African American community. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPblkAd3.rtf

African American Distrust of U.S. Government Medical Policies
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This 7 page paper argues that given past history, and in particular the event known as the "Tuskegee experiment" or the "Tuskegee study," blacks' fears of government medical policies are understandable. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: HVAAAIDS.rtf

African American Education
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A 10 page paper which discusses the general conditions of African American education, both past and present. Issues addressed include the miseducation and diseducation of African Americans, reasons behind the approaches, history of African American education, relevancy to today's education system, and what the current conditions of African American education are. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: RAafamedu.doc

African American Education/Before and After Jim Crow
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A 10 page research paper that examines the state of black education before, during and after the era of the infamous 'Jim Crow' laws, which served to keep blacks oppressed in the South and which provided public education with the 'separate but equal' philosophy, which was such a travesty of justice.. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: 99aaed.rtf

African American English Vernacular/Evolution
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An 8 page research paper that explores the evolution of African American English Vernacular (AAEV) as a dialect of English, discussing the controversy among linguists over its origins, as well as its linguistic structure and similarities between AAEV and West African languages. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: khaaev.rtf

African American Experience: Before and After 1865
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A 6 page paper which discusses how the African American experiences changed in 1865 as it concerned laws and specific court cases. The paper discusses reactions from African Americans in relationship to these changes. One of these changes involves the emancipation proclamation, reconstruction, civil rights struggles in the 1860s and the 1960s. One of the most famous court cases discussed is that of Plessy v. Ferguson. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RAafamepls.wps

African American Families: Resiliency and Pathology Perspectives
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of basic pathology and resiliency perspectives regarding African American families. This paper provides an overview of the perspectives presented in the current literature, especially as they relate to the tendency to evaluate African American families in terms of their dysfunction and pathology rather than resiliency. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: MHAAfam_

African American Families: Demographic, Socio-Economic and Cultural Characteristics
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This is a 6 page paper discussing the demographic, socio-economic and cultural characteristics of African American families. Studies of demographic, socio-economic and cultural characteristics of African American families and communities have shown that overall, African Americans report lower incomes, lower education, higher unemployment and poverty rates, and higher mortality and suicide rates than most White communities in the United States. All of these factors have improved over the last decade and unemployment was reported at an all time low in the last U.S. Census. Despite these adversities however, a large percentage of African American families have succeeded in their educational and professional careers. It is believed that this “resilience” is enhanced by several cultural support characteristics which exist within the African American families and their communities. Most African Americans have reported that their most difficult challenges are based on racism and oppressive factors rather than factors which relate to their family or socio-economic status. Racism, oppression, and segregation are also believed to be some of the primary differences in the mortality and suicide rates in the African American population from the white population. In social science studies and in relation to agencies which wish to establish social support groups to help African American families, all of the cultural, socio-economic, and demographic differences must be taken into account. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TJAAmer1.rtf