Reconstructionist Debates
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This 5 page paper explores the differences in opinion held by W. E. B. Dubois and Booker T. Washington on a few of the issues relevant to the post war transition period. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: KTblkdb8.wps

Reflection on Race in America
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This 3 page paper examines one book. Chapter 2 of the book Young, Gifted and Black by Theresa Perry, Claude Steele and Asa Hilliard is examined. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA812YGB.rtf

Reflections on Martin Luther King's Speechs
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This 5 page paper examines two of his works: his speech about Vietnam, and his letter from the Birmingham Jail. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: HVRefMLK.rtf

Reflections on Nelson Mandela
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This 8 page paper discusses Nelson Mandela and his book "A Long Walk to Freedom" and compares his leadership style to that of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Paolo Freire. The book is highly recommended. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: HVLngWlk.rtf

Religion Among the Slaves in the Pre-Civil War South
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A 10 page paper which examines the role religion played in the lives of slaves in Pre-Civil War in the South. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: RAcivslv.rtf

Reparation for Slavery
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A 7 page paper which examines aspects concerning the reparation for slavery. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RArepslv.rtf

Reparations for Slavery
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A 3 page essay that argues against the social movement that demands reparations for slavery. The reparations for slavery movement proposes that the United States federal government should, first of all, apologize to the descendents of slaves for the fact that the despicable institution of slavery was legally sanctioned in both colonial and early American history. Secondly, this movement proposes that financial reparations should be made to the descendents of slaves. While, on the surface, this argument has merit, as this aspect of American history is recognized as reprehensible, a thoughtful examination of the issues involved shows that making reparations for slavery is simply not feasible, either from a social justice or fiscal perspective. No bibliography is offered.
Filename: khrepfsl.rtf

Representations of Black Women in Media
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An 8 page research paper that discusses the images of black women that are portrayed in mainstream advertising. This report seeks to determine not only the content and context of these representations, but also how these advertisements affect the lives of black women and women of color. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: khblads.rtf

Response Essay/Stands on Affirmative Action
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A 3 page essay that first summarizes two essays on affirmative action: one for and one against. Then, the writer offers a personal reaction to the essays and the strength of each argument. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: khaares.rtf

Responses of the Black Community in Post-War Britain from Experiences of Racism
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This is an 11 page paper discussing the political and cultural responses of the black community in post-war Britain to their experiences of racism. Post-war Britain saw the tremendous increase of immigration from citizens of the Commonwealth. The immigration resulted in a great increase in the black population and immediately anti-black riots and protests began. Racial attacks were blatant and seemed to be supported by the police organizations and as a result many black local and national organizations were formed in an attempt to protect the black communities from violent attacks and to provide a political base for change. Little change occurred however until the 1980s when the government finally recognized that some crimes were “racially motivated”. Despite this recognition, violent racial attacks continued with few arrests and convictions until the number of racial attacks today are estimated at over 140,000 per year. The last fifty years saw the formation of many anti-racist and black supported organizations such as the Pan-African Federation (1940s), the League of Colored Persons and the Colonial Defence Committee (1940s and 1950s), the Inter-Racial Friendship Coordinating Council (1950s), Black Panthers in the Liverpool area (1960s) and most recently the London Campaign Against Racism and Fascism (1990s) among many others. Despite these organizations, there have also been powerful and racist political parties formed such as the National Front (1960s) and the British National Party which increased in support in the 1990s. Racism against the black communities within Britain has not abated resulting in an increase in the ghettoization of black communities and many black people choosing to leave the country. Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: TJUKblk1.rtf

Results of EEOC Study
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A 3 page research paper on the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). Previously, this writer aided the student researching this topic by suggesting methodology for a hypothetical research study of the EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission), its policies and their implementation. Previous papers covered methodology and the content of the study sample. This paper concerns only the evaluation and results of the previous papers. The following discussion summarizes the results of this examination and implications that this has for EEOC policy. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: kheeoc5.rtf

Retail Racial Profiling and False Accusation and Arrest for Shoplifting
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This 8 page report discusses incidents in which African Americans have been accused of shoplifting and falsely arrested. Retailers are losing enormous amounts of money because of shoplifters but they still must recognize when their security procedures cross the line from prudent action to undeniable racism. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BWshplft.rtf

Richard Wright and Malcolm X
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A 12 page paper which examines how Richard Wright, in "Black Boy," and Malcolm X, in "The Autobiography of Malcolm X," see issues such as race, ethnicity, class, gender and prejudice. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAboymlx.rtf

Richard Wright's "Native Son" – No Man's Land
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5 pages in length. Richard Wright's Native Son establishes the fact that the black community has long been a constant victim of dehumanizing racism. Even though contemporary populations may not be held within the grips of slavery as their ancestors were for centuries, blacks still endure a type of social slavery by being forced to abide by white rule. Looking at and living with white America through the jaded eyes of Bigger Thomas is a direct indication of just how much the concept of No Man's Land perpetuates racial intolerance. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: TLCNtvSon.rtf

Robert Meacham (1835-1902): The African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church and the Reconstruction Era in Florida
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This is a 6 page paper discussing Robert Meacham and his influence during the Reconstruction era in Florida in the 19th century. Robert Meacham (1835-1902) was a Reverend and Senator during the Reconstruction Era in Florida in the 19th century. As a Reverend, Meacham organized the first African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church in Florida in Tallahassee in 1865. The AME Church valued not only Christian education and opportunity but also education and opportunity for all which was reflected in its activities. In addition to providing educational programs within the church, Meacham was involved with the registration of black voters in the state and by the time he became Senator, there were more black voters registered than white and a great many African American representatives in state government. Through his Republican Party alliances, Meacham and his colleagues were able to legislate notable progress in the areas of civil rights and education for African Americans and poor whites. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TJMeach1.rtf

Robert Pratt’s We Shall Not Be Moved
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This 6 page paper provides an overview of the central principles of Robert Pratt’s We Shall Not Be Moved. Robert Pratt’s We Shall Not Be Moved demonstrates the way in which these struggles are manifested. The efforts of the NAACP, Horace Ward, Charlayne Hunter and Hamilton Hughes in the desegregation of the University of Georgia provides an interesting example of the way in which the path of an organization can be changed by the actions of a few. Pratt’s book, though, not only gives a way of looking at change, but also outlines the basis for the mechanism of control, the white supremacy, that was prevalent during this era. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: MHWeShal.rtf

Robin Kelley: "Yo' Mama's Dysfunktional"
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A 7 page paper which discusses Robin Kelley's "Yo'Mama's Dysfunktional: Fighting the Culture Wars in Urban America." The paper illustrates how Kelley uses race in the book, and then discusses this condition with the following works of Martin Luther King Jr.: "I Have a Dream" speech and "Letter from a Birmingham Jail." No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAyomama.wps

Rock and Roll Sociological Examinations: African Americans
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An 7 page paper which discusses various aspects of the African American culture as it involves music and community. "Spectacular Vernaculars" by Russell A. Potter is utilized in terms of addressing the hip hop and rap community. In addition, Marlon Rigg's documentary style productions, "Ethnic Notions" and "Black is...Black aint" are discussed as they relate to Rigg's work. The second half of the paper addresses the Chicago steppers movement, examining its history and it place between Motown and hip hop. Bibliography lists 2 additional sources.
Filename: RAhiphop.rtf

Rosa Parks Revisited
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A 5 page analysis of an essay by Herbert Kohl on how the story of civil rights activist Rosa Parks is being taught to elementary children. The writer argues that Kohl's stanceσwhich is that the story has been altered substantially for dubious purposes-is absolutely correct. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: 99rosa.wps

Rushin's Professionally-Trained Minority Women
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A 5 page paper discussing Kate Rushin's "The Tired Poem: Last Letter From A Typical Unemployed Black Professional Woman" in light of the pressures of class and ethnicity on finding professional positions. Rushin writes of the struggle between the private and public faces of black women. Others write of the place where those two faces meet as well, but Rushin adds the condition of unemployment, or underemployment of those black women professionally trained but unable to find employment in their field of training. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: KSrushinPoem.wps

Schizophrenia / Diagnosis Based On Race ?
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The effect of race on the diagnosis of this disorder is discussed in this 10 page paper. It is asserted that while there exists no biological basis for such, African-Americans are more frequently [mis]-diagnosed as being schizophrenic. Bibliography lists10 sources.
Filename: Schizophr.wps

Segregation Still Exists
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A 5 page paper which examines how African Americans are still segregated in our society. The paper focuses on education as the source for segregation in society today. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: RAsegexs.rtf

Self-Esteem in Young and Middle-Aged African American Women
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This 6 page report discusses issues of self-esteem as related to Black women and makes the conclusion that, collectively, adult Black women have been ignored in the ongoing research into one determines a person’s sense of themselves and their own degree of self-esteem. This is of particular irony since the color of a person’s skin has been shown, throughout history and social science, to have an impact on a person’s self-esteem since it biases other’s perceptions and how those others communicate their own attitudes. Add that factor to self-esteem issues that all American women have and the African American woman is faced with the proverbial “double-whammy.” Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BWesteem.rtf

Separatism / A Legacy 1960-1990
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A 6 page paper on how the 1960s led to the separatism of the 1990s. The writer proves, through historical, socioeconomic and political perspectives that 'the revolutionaries of the 1960s are still stranded on the edge of the abyss and scrambling for ways to keep their children from falling in. One or more leaders today haven't the charisma or opportunity, due to media castration, to lead them. Leadership is coming in the form of separatism into various cultures. Just as they were then, the boomers are stuck looking for identity in separatism, and also as they were then, they are the leaders of that revolution.' Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: 60s.rtf

Should Remunerations be Paid to Africa?
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This 10 page paper considers the issue of whether or not remunerations should be paid to Africa to redress the evils of slavery. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: HVAfrRem.rtf

Single Black Mom/2 kids
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A 5 page research paper in which the writer assumes the 'voice' of an African American single mother of two boys, aged 12 and 5. The writer comments on this description given by the 'voice' of the mother as to what her life is like, citing relevant points from recent research. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: 99blmom.rtf

Single Black Mothers: The Challenges of an Ivy League Degree
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A 5 page discussion of the problems a single black mother faces in trying to compete in an Ivy League school. These challenges center around finances and academic preparation. When she has that degree in hand, however, life will improve. Although she is still likely to make less than white men in similar positions in the workplace, she is likely to make MORE than white women with similar degrees! Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPblkHrv.rtf

Social and Political Justice For Blacks In America
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A 4 page research paper on black Americans and their search for political and social justice. The writer details the history of blacks in America and the progress made. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Justice.wps

Social Stratification
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This 5 page paper looks at the concept and defines social class in a variety of ways. Sociological points of view are employed as well. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA20Class.wps

Social Stratification and Its Historic Impact on Blacks in the U.S.
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An 11 page overview of the social stratification in American society which has served to historically subjugate blacks. This scenario has been complicated by the fact that blacks had less opportunity for education, by discrimination, and by prejudice. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: PPblkStr.rtf

Social Structure in the United States
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5 pages. Even though a person can be pre-disposed towards a biased view, they can come to support their opinions with evidence, data, logical reasoning, and statistical measures as well. Just because one is known to be biased does not mean a problem cannot be solved using the data and other tools available. One can be biased and still look at a problem from multiple angles. In this way, someone who has a bias can not only fit the problem within a larger context, but decide if and where it fits in the larger context as well. All in all, those who are biased in some cases are comfortable with ambiguity as well. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: JAsocstr.rtf

Social Structure, Race, Class, & Economics In America
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A 7 page essay on socioeconomics in the United States. The writer feels that even though Black people are regarded as socially equal-- society has still managed to keep minority races as socio-economically unequal to the middle class. Race as a social construct is examined as are the demographics of each class. No Bibliography.
Filename: Socioeco.wps

Social Theory & George Caspar Homans
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In 11 pages the author discusses social theory. There is and has been continuity in sociological thinking throughout the years. This is expressed by the views of George Caspar Homans and several other social theorists. George Caspar Homans is one of the original social theorists. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: HOmans.wps

Social Work Strategies for African American Families with Non-Custodial Fathers
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Nonresident or absentee African American fathers' involvement in their children's lives are significantly influenced by several factors. These include the relationships with the children's mothers, work schedules, multiple sets of children, and physical proximity. This 12 page paper sets forth different strategies that may well be implemented for each of the levels. Concerning the problematic issue of the inclusion of the non-custodial father in African American families, these levels would include organizational, community, family and individual. The core philosophy of all of the strategies is a family focused model that is compatible with the current social policies and philosophies surrounding social services. In all instances, the social worker's role is seen as teacher and facilitator in empowering the people impacted by the presented paradigm. Bibliography lists 19 sources.
Filename: KTswaafm.wps

Societal Barriers Based on Sexual Orientation, Gender, and Race
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A 5 page discussion of the numerous societal barriers and limitations which are put in place on the basis of race, gender, and sexual orientation. Contends that since the advent of the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s, societal restrictions and limitations made on the basis of gender and race have slowly lessened. The reason for this change is the willingness of individuals to stand up for their basic rights, to exert their differences and to insist that there be no societal differentiation based on those differences. While there has been tremendous progress in regard to societal equality of the races and genders, however, there are still many barriers and limitations which are imposed on such factors as sexual orientation. The author contends that these restrictions and limitations can be overcome as well. All that is needed is the willingness to do so and the fortitude to stand in the face of all resistance. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPhomoCl.rtf

Societal Racism against African Americans
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This 12 paper explores some of the aspects of societal racism, and uses the works of authors Toni Morrison and Ernest Gaines in demonstrating how blacks are defined by white Americans so that whites can remain comfortable in their prejudices. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: HVSocRac.rtf

Sociological Perspectives
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This 5 page paper takes a look at society through three points of view in sociology. The perspectives explored are functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA20SocT.wps

Souls Looking Back
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This 5 page paper examines the intriguing accounts within this book and the myriad stories told by various authors who are persons of color. This compelling book gives the reader insight as to what many African-Americans have found it to be like to be growing up as a black person in today's society. Bibliography lists one source.
Filename: JGAsouls.wps

Spike Lee's When the Levees Broke
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A 10 page research paper that uses Spike Lee's HBO documentary as a springboard to discussing the implications and social ramifications of Hurricane Katrina and its aftermath in the devastated city of New Orleans. This comprehensive assessment suggests that an overemphasis on the focus of white priorities resulted in marginalizing the poor black population of the city. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: khleeno.rtf

Spiritual Disciplines and Martin Luther King Jr.
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A 4 page paper which examines the spiritual disciplines of Martin Luther King Jr.. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RAkingsp.rtf

Sports Effects on Society
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This is a 12 page paper with examines how the integration in sports lead to the integration of both races and gender in society. The bibliography has 7 sources.
Filename: JHSpor.rtf

Stereotypes and Class
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A 4 page research paper/essay that addresses this topic. It can easily be argued that the defining social problem that has occupied the central focus of policymakers, scholars and the American public for the entirety of its history is race. Issues pertaining to class are generally shoved to the side and ignored as Americans subscribe to the fiction that the United States is a classless society. However, within the complex morass of characteristics that make up American culture, the ideas that people have about race and class intertwine and manifest themselves in racial and ethnic stereotypes. Examination of this social phenomena suggests that race is not solely the central issue to America’s social ills but that class also plays a pivotal role, as the two are inextricably mixed. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: khsterac.rtf

Stereotypes Of African-American Youths
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12 pages in length. Back in the 1930's, when being an African-American gangster meant more than just arbitrarily killing another human being, there was a certain mystique -- a veritable charm -- to wearing the tag. As depicted in the film Hoodlum, being a gangster was not a position taken lightly; in fact, there was a lot of social responsibility residing within that special community of individuals. Contrarily, the more contemporary Boyz 'N The Hood demonstrates how the glamour once associated with being a youthful black gangster has been completely removed from the mix. No longer is there a shred of decency among the young men who comprise the raucous gangs of today; rather, their world is merely about killing and maiming as many people as they can. Sadly, the stereotype exhibited in this film is more of art imitating life rather than the other way around. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TLCAfAmYth.rtf

Strategies to Help African Americans Achieve Equal Opportunities: A Research Proposal
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This 10 page paper is chock full of information about several activist groups and their tactics. The techniques are explored and applied to the African American community. Activist groups include animal rights organizations, environmental groups and those who support gay rights. Specific organizations are named and explored. The paper provides information on these groups as a suggested area of study for those wanting to relate the literature on the subject to the topic at hand. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: SA433Afr.rtf

Stubborn Hearts & Rebel Heads - The Inherent Conflicts of Cullen's African-American Heritage
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A 5 page paper that examines early twentieth-century poet Countee Cullen's perception of his African-American ancestry as expressed in his poem "Heritage". Discussed are the conflicts and contradictions Cullen found in this perception and the factors and emotions that contributed to these conflicts. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: LCCullen.doc