Psychological Theories, Child Molesters, and the Incarcerated
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This 11 page report discusses two psychological theories -- psychodynamic theory and cognitive/behavior theory -- in the context of child molesters and those who are incarcerated for the crime. Most people think of child molestation as one of the (if not the single) most heinous of all crimes. Because it is thought of as such, countless researchers, mental health professionals, and social scientists make every effort to determine just what it is that causes a person to molest a child. Is it biological? Is it a response to how the person was treated when he was a child? Is their a deep psychological deviancy that sees a child as an appropriate sexual focus? These questions and many others always circle around the issue of molestation. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: BWantisy.rtf

Punishment and Crime
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A 7 page overview of the question of whether increased sentences would serve as a deterrent to crimes involving weapons. This paper supports the contention that they would. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPcrmDoublingSentences.rtf

Purposes of Criminal Justice
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A 3 page research paper that discusses the four principal purposes associated with the criminal justice system, which are deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation and retribution. Examining the efficacy of each of these purposes reveals that their implementation in today's criminal justice system is seriously flawed, particularly in regards to the current focus of that system, which is on incapacitation. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khdirr.rtf

Questions in Philosophy: Crime and Punishment
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This 10 page paper examines eight questions in respect to crime and punishment. Various approaches and authors are mentioned. Typical criminology theories are embraced. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA417QaA.rtf

Race and Ethnicity in the Criminal Justice System
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This 7 page paper examines the criminal justice system in the United States of America. Various roles are examined including the roles of judges, attorneys and probation officers. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA528cj.rtf

Racial Disparities in the Application of the Death Penalty
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This 10 page paper examines this claim with the use of logic and evidence. Various issues are explored inclusive of regional variances and the race of the victim. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA611cap.rtf

Racial Profiling: Fact or Fallacy?
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A 4 page overview of the common misperception that racial profiling accounts for the disproportionate representation that some minorities have in our criminal justice system. Noting that this fallacy is often stretched to imply concern over implications in the post-September 11 environment, the author emphasizes that the fact is that a particular culture’s propensity for crime, not their race is what lands them in our nation’s prisons. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPcrmRc2.rtf

Racism in Maryland: What the Incarceration Rate Means
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This 5 page paper examines rates of arrests and incarceration by. Race in the Maryland criminal justice system is examined. Statistics are used as well as specific studies on racism in Maryland's courts. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA436Md.rtf

Rape and War: An Examination of Sexual Violence in Times of War
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A 7 page discussion of the abhorrent trend or sexual violence in Bosnia and Rwanda during war. This paper examines that trend from the perspective of defining them as war crimes and acts of genocide. Bibliography lists sources.
Filename: PPrapeW2.rtf

Recidivism: Probation vs. Incarceration
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(Additional Information): 5 pages. Repeated studies have shown that probation plays little role in effectively communicating with drug treatment programs to ensure that offenders are in fact utilizing these programs in accordance with their probation. Bibliography has 1 source.
Filename: JAincarc2.rtf

Recidivism: Probation vs. Incarceration
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26 pages. This is an in-depth study of the effects of probation versus incarceration when it comes to the current rate of recidivism. After researching a myriad of sources including books, newspapers, websites, scientific studies, journals and other diverse and relevant means of accumulation of the facts, it has become obvious that probation does not reduce the rate of recidivism on crime. The fact is that more criminals return to their criminal behavior when placed on probation as opposed to those who are incarcerated. This interesting paper will explain those findings in detail. Bibliography lists 23 sources.
Filename: JAincarc.rtf

Reducing the Risk of Crime at Colleges and Universities
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A 4 page paper which examines crime and the prevention of crime at colleges and universities across the nation. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAcrumv.rtf

Reflecting on Judge Dee's Celebrated Cases
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This six-page-paper discusses the series of mysteries and the historical significance of the descriptions of seventh century criminal investigative techniques. The similarities and differences between old China and new Western culture investigations are outlined and discussed. Bibliography lists one source.
Filename: CWjugdee.rtf

Reframing an Inquiry as a Qualitative Study and its Utility in Criminal Justice Research
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This 6 page paper provides an overview of the reframing of a research proposal on criminal justice from a quantitative analysis to a qualitative approach. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MHquaCri.rtf

Reframing Noninformational Matters
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4 pages in length. Other than her immediate advisors or cabinet members, the Governor should seek advice from two very important sources of tangible input – as opposed to sterile statistics - where criminal activity and correctional facilities are concerned: community police chiefs and prison wardens. Additionally, representatives from such advocate groups as Mothers Against Drunk Drivers (MADD) should be approached for their valuable contribution where the issue of early release is considered. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: TLCReframe.rtf

Rehabilitation is Superior to Incarceration
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This 3 page paper argues that rehabilitation is superior to incarceration in the United States. The prison system is explored. Both points of view are noted but only rehabilitation is supported with factual data and opinions. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA345inc.rtf

Report Compilation in Criminal Investigation
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A 4 page emphasis on the importance of investigative reports in criminology. The author points out the complexity of the data that is typically collected and the value of computer generated reports. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPcrmRpt.rtf

Research Proposal; Success Factors in Rehabilitation in Ugandan Prisons
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This 9 page paper is a research proposal to examine offender rehabilitation in Ugandan prisons. The paper is made up of a literature review, looking at prison issues and rehabilitation in Uganda along with relevant theories which may be used to assess their efficacy, the proposed hypotheses and a methodology. The bibliography cites 20 sources.
Filename: TEugandareh.rtf

Restitution in the Criminal Justice System
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This 4 page paper examines restitution for victims. Civil and criminal victims are discussed. This paper focuses on restorative justice. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA727res.rtf

Restorative Justice, Alternative Punishment And In-Home Monitoring
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5 pages in length. Traditional methods of criminal justice have come under fire in recent years with the recurring accusation that simply locking up a criminal offender does little to encourage rehabilitation and even less to protect society when that offender ultimately leaves prison. Restorative justice, critics of conventional approaches claim, is the contemporary way in which to reach offenders and teach them how to live within a civilized society. Not only do these alternative programs serve to reduce the recidivism rate for many types of criminal activity, but it also reduces expenditures and saves taxpayers in a most important place: their wallets. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: TLCRestorJust.rtf

Samuel Walker, the Wedding Cake, and Criminal Justice
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A 4 page paper which examines and discusses Samuel Walker’s theory of criminal justice as it involves the wedding cake. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: RAwddw.rtf

Searches of Inmates, Visitors and Cells in Canadian Federal Penitentiaries
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A 7 page companion to a 22-slide PowerPoint presentation and separate Appendix file containing data tables and prison images. The project examines the practice of searching inmates, cells and visitors for the purpose of controlling drugs and other items of contraband. People have been quite creative in their efforts to get drugs inside prisons; a Canadian prison warden states that intercepting drugs and items that can be made into weapons is the greatest security problem in the Canadian prison system. Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: KScrimSearchCa.rtf

Seeking Alternatives to Tradition Probation and Parole
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A 6 page paper discussing the difficulties of reducing recidivism among former prisoners and reducing the number of first-time prison sentences. Groups and individuals seeking to reduce the numbers of individuals being convicted of first offenses traditionally have focused on education and community intervention programs, many of which fail to address Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Achieving greater psychological feelings of belonging to something positive – rather than street gangs or other contrarian groups – may be able to achieve the effect of making a real difference in the lives of these most at-risk individuals. The paper concludes that work release for incarcerated individuals and a similar program for those not yet serving time can produce the desired effect of probation and parole. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: KSparoleProb.rtf

Sentencing and Armed Robbery
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A 7 page research paper that concerns a proposed bill for doubling the maximum prison term for armed robbery, which is due to come up for a vote soon. While this bill is very popular, there are aspects of public policy that must be considered in order to make a reasoned, logical decision on this piece of legislation that is in the best interest of the overall public welfare. This necessitates careful examination of the assumptions behind the proposed legislation and whether these assumptions are correct. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: khsenarm.rtf

Sentencing and the American Criminal Justice System
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This 5 page paper discusses determinate and indeterminate sentencing models along with other trends in criminal justice such as truth in sentencing guidelines and three strikes sentences. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA727sen.rtf

Sentencing for Identity Theft
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A 3 page paper discussing what a judge may want to know before imposing sentence on an individual that has been convicted of identity theft. Though a man received 16.5 years in 2008, the judge will need to determine whether s/he seeks retribution, incapacitation, deterrence, rehabilitation or restitution. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: KScrimIDtheft.rtf

Sentencing Models
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This 7 page paper examines determinate and indeterminate sentencing structures. Various theories of punishment are explored such as deterrence, retribution, restoration and others. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: SA645cj.rtf

Sentencing of Criminals
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( 8 pp) Every year, in every legislative assembly in the nation, the lawmakers consider new responses to crime. The choices that legislators make about crime have a big impact, an impact that is growing all the time. There is honest disagreement about how much it is possible to reduce crime rates through criminal law enforcement, but it is beyond question that criminal law enforcement and punishment has a larger fiscal impact on state government every year. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: BBcrimst.doc

Sentencing the Identity Thief
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This 3 page paper examines the identity thief and what an appropriate sentence might be. Various aspects of sentencing are considered such as deterrence and retribution. New sentencing guidelines are explored. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA536id.rtf

Sentencing, Probation and Corrections Management
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A 10 page paper addressing approaches to cases in these three areas of justice. The sentencing section discusses the value of shaming techniques as they might apply to a 5-time felon most recently convicted of his second rape offense. The probation section discusses the ethics of ways a privatized probation service might increase its revenues. The final section includes letters to a corrections officer, his supervisor, inmates and staff from a new warden put in place to end abuses that have been commonplace in the prison. The warden invokes the code of ethics of the the American Correctional Association (ACA). Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: KScrimSentProb.rtf

Sex Offender Registries and Constitutional Rights
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This 12 page report discusses the debate over the constitutionality of sexual registration laws (i.e. “Megan’s Law”). Are sex offenders subjected to additional punishment even after they have served prison time for their crime because they must register their whereabouts with a law enforcement agency? Or is the public’s need to know of greater concern? The issues surrounding such questions are discussed. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: BWsexreg.rtf

Sex offenders and Community Notification
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This 15 page paper evaluates the problem of sex offenders that are released into the community. Megan's law along with similar legislation is discussed in depth. The problem of impinging on offenders' rights, as well as these laws having the opposite of the intended effect, are issues included. Statistics regarding recidivism are relayed. The paper supports community notification despite some arguments made to the contrary . Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: SA341s.rtf

Sex Offenders and the Correctional System
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This 5 page paper discusses the conditions sexual offenders face in prison; treatment options; and the rate of criminal sexual offenses. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: HVSexOff.rtf

Shelby #3: Forecasting Need For Community Court
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In this 9 page paper, the writer continues the case of the city of Shelby and crime. At this time, the city is considering a community court modeled after the Manhattan Community Court. Major demographics of the city are reported followed by a five year incidence report of different so-called nuisance or quality of life crimes. The writer then briefly explains some models for forecasting crime trends. The Manhattan Community Court is described, followed by a recommendation and justification for Shelby. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PGshl3.rtf

Should Drug Use Be Decriminalized?
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A 10 page research paper that summarizes the pros and cons of decriminalization of addictive drug use. Some people have taken the stance that it is time to take a different tactic in the nation’s drug policy and that decriminalization is the best solution to fighting drug addiction, as this would free up societal resources and shift the focus to intervention and rehabilitation. Others oppose this view, arguing that the War on Drugs is working and that to decriminalize drugs would be abdicating social responsibility. This examination of this debate looks at both sides in order to evaluate the issues. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khpcdrug.rtf

Should Parole Be Abolished? No
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A 5 page paper which argues that parole should not be abolished. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAparole.wps

Should Parolees and Prisoners Be Required to wear Electronic Monitoring Devices?
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A 10 page examination of the controversy surrounding the use of electronic monitoring devices in early release programs. The author describes the technology in detail and points out that, although the controversy will undoubtedly continue to rage, our overcrowded prison systems and overworked criminal justice systems have necessitated such programs. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPcrmMon.rtf

Should There Be Alternatives To Incarcerations For Minor Drug Offenders?
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10 pages in length. The perpetuation of criminal activity at all levels, coupled with the severely limited resources availed to the state and federal criminal justice system, has made it almost compulsory for law enforcement to find other alternatives beyond incarceration for minor drug offenders. With funding as scarce a commodity as ever, ultimately preventing the construction of new facilities, the extent to which alternatives should be sought for minor drug offenders is indicative of a system so tremendously overloaded that the effectiveness of its penal process sparks grave concern. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: TLCDrgAl.rtf

Social Prevention And Situational Prevention: Is One Better At Addressing Career Criminals Than The Other?
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16 pages in length. The difference between social prevention and situational prevention when it comes to career criminals speaks to stopping crime from ever occurring or merely thwarting it. The extent to which social prevention is far and away more effective than situational prevention in relation to career criminals is both grand and far-reaching; that social prevention works toward impeding the very nature of criminal activity in the first place addresses the need to reach potential career criminals before they every get to that point, whereas situational prevention merely erects a physical barrier between criminal and target. Clearly, the primary objective of social prevention is to remove circumstances that might otherwise lead one to become a career criminal – those who are multiple and repeat felony offenders – focusing principally upon such concerns as "inadequate parenting, poor early education or bad physical and mental health" (United Nations Department of Public Information, 2000). Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: TLCCarCrm.rtf

Sociological Considerations in Parole and Probation
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An 18 page consideration of the numerous sociological factors that surround parole and probation. The author emphasizes the importance of societal integration in preventing recidivism and discusses the difficulties that are presented for minorities and in cases utilizing electronic monitoring. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: PPparol3.rtf

Sociological Theory Of Crime
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4 pages in length. Criminal behavior is based upon a combination of sociological theories that help to establish a basis upon which law enforcement and behavioral experts can better understand the reason for its presence, as well as the best way to approach therapeutic treatment for offenders. The labeling theory, which represents one of the most commonly applied sociological theories, provides a closer look at the result of cultural profiling. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: TLCSocCrm.rtf

Sovereignty & An International Court
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A 4 page research paper that discusses the issue of sovereignty in regards to the establishment of an international criminal court. The writer specifically addresses the US objections to the UN's International Criminal Court (ICC) and how these issues rest on issues of sovereignty. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: khicc.rtf

Specialized Offender Programs (Case Study Analysis)
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This 5 page paper examines some offender programs and uses a case study analysis. the fictitious case involves a seventeenth year old drug abuser who lives in a negative environment. Various programs and possibilities are discussed. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA644cse.rtf

Spousal Homicide: Can It Be Defended?
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(6 pp) The significance and use of a successful provocation plea as an extenuating ground is usually that it reduces murder to manslaughter, despite the fact the defendant intended to-and did-kill in anger. The unique feature of provocation is that the plea may extenuate even though it is accepted that, in killing, the defendant was not seeking to save him or herself from death or injury. The following information should enforce the possibility of use of the provocation defense. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BBspsmdr.doc

Stalkers
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This 8 page paper provides an overview of the stalker in society, with several case studies, both from celebrities and average women as well. Both sociological and psychological explanations are provided to explain the behavior. A behavior profile may be derived from the information contained in this paper. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: SA17Stak.wps