The Lawrence Massachusetts Auto Insurance Fraud Task Force
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A 3 page overview of this anti-fraud unit. This paper traces the background of the unit and outlines its investigative techniques. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPfraudUnit.rtf

The Legal Drinking Age:
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This 7 page paper examines the history of the establishment of a drinking age. Furthermore, this paper argues the reasons why the age should not be lower than 21. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: GSDrinks.rtf

The Legalities and Ethics of Evidence Gathering: Guidance from the Supreme Court
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A 10 page overview of the propensity for unethical activity which exists in evidence gathering. This paper sums up the Supreme Court's views on using unethical means to obtain an end. Particular emphasis is placed on Hoffa v. United States. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPevidnc.rtf

The Los Angeles Police Department and the Rampart Scandal
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This 7 page report discusses one of the most famous police departments in the U.S., perhaps in the world and the problems of the Rampart division. What seems to be apparent is that many Rampart officers of the CRASH (Community Resources Against Street Hoodlums) program were willing to buy into the theories that have circulated throughout the past decade regarding the existence of “super-predators” whose violence can only be stopped by superior violence. They were willing to oblige and often set up their arrests by creating evidence to be associated with those they arrested, lied about the circumstances of the arrests, and generally mistreated those they wanted to or did arrest. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BWrmpart.rtf

The MOVE Movement in Philadelphia -- Ideology and Disaster
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This 6 page report discusses the events surround the May 13,1985, bombing by Philadelphia of a home at 6221 Osage Avenue. The bomb was supposed to open a hole so tear gas could be dropped inside the house where members of MOVE lived. The bomb started a fast-moving and raging fire that quickly spread out of control, killing five adults and six children and destroying 61 homes in three blocks of the surrounding neighborhood. Two hundred and fifty “neighbors” became homeless as a result of the uncontrollable flames of the bomb. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: BWmove85.wps

The Nation's Police Departments: Are They Black, White or Blue?
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An 8 page paper discussing the true level of integration—that of attitude—within the nation's police forces. In large cities, the police force is more likely to be organized along racial lines rather than simply being 'blue.' Such is not the case in smaller towns, however, and the populations of all those towns add up. Small-town America appears to have a much more workable grasp on the issue of race, and the combined population is much greater than are the combined populations of the three or four largest of American cities where police-department racism is a greater issue. In sum, the collective police force of the nation taken as a whole can be said to be more 'blue' than any other color. Considering the racial generation gap of public opinion polls, we should be able to expect that blue hue to grow deeper and more discernible in coming years. Bibliography lists 14 sources. KSp-race.doc
Filename: KSp-race.doc

The Nature of the Direct Order in the Military
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A 3 page paper discussing the rationale underlying military requirements to follow direct orders. As is the case with other long-standing rules of behavior, the reasons for required behavior can be lost in the practice of that behavior. Many factors of military custom and courtesy were implemented long before anyone could know the psychological benefits they carry. The greater knowledge of the present day serves to confirm the benefits of military protocol, particularly the obligation to immediately obey a direct order. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: KSmilDiscipline.rtf

The Need for a National Crime Laboratory DNA Database
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A 7 page overview of the importance of DNA analysis in criminology. The creation of a nationwide database would make this technology even more helpful in solving both new and old crimes. The author explores the possibilities presented by, and the controversy surrounding, mandatory DNA testing for those convicted or even suspected of crimes. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: PPdnaDta.rtf

The Offender as Victim: A View of British Criminal Justice, Society and Law
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This 45 page paper provides a critical evaluation of the offender as victim as defined within the scope of the British criminal justice system, society and law. This paper considers issues like the relevance of imposed social values and the consequences of the rejection of these social values and the internalization of different values. This paper also considers the impact of social, economic and educational deprivation and the unequal treatment of the offender by society and within criminal justice systems. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: MHpredvi.wps

The Organizational and Cultural Climate of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)
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This is a 5 page paper discussing the organization and the cultural climate of the RCMP. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) as the national policing force in Canada has grown in its organization and outreach capacities considerably since its formation in 1873. Originally formed to patrol the Prairie regions and establish relationships with the First Nations in that area, the Force has grown into an national organization with international relationships. Structurally, the organization is based under the Commissioner in Ottawa at its Headquarters but through the recent development of four regions, the administrative duties have been delegated on a regional basis. In addition to the core administrative structure, the RCMP members are encouraged to continue their education in the understanding of multicultural communities within Canada and on an international basis. The members do this in many different ways such as certification through their online university; organization of cultural awareness sessions within their communities; becoming involved with many volunteer organizations such as the Musical Ride; and, participating in international policing efforts. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TJRCMPo1.rtf

The Path of the Warrior
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This 13 page paper discusses Larry Jetmore's book about ethics in policing. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: HVPthWar.rtf

The Phoenix Project
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A 7 page research paper on the Phoenix program, in which the writer provides a definitive overview of precisely what the Phoenix program was and why it was implemented. The prumary objective of this historic intelliegence operation was the neutralization of the Vietcong Infrastructure (VCI) through the collection of data which could lead to their identification and subsequent neutralization. The paper describes some of the key players in America's involvement with the Phoenix program, and the moral, and ethical dilemas that they faced. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Phoenix.wps

The Police Officer as Depicted on the Police One Web Site
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This 5 page paper looks at the police officer as demonstrated by media. Four articles are reviewed to show different roles of officers. Bibliography lists 4 references.
Filename: SA712one.rtf

The Police Personality
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This 3 page paper argues that there is a police personality. Various examples are provided. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: SA545pol.rtf

The Police: The United States and France
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A 7 page paper which examines and compares the role of the police in the United States and France. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RApolfrn.rtf

The Positive and Negative Aspects of Police Departments
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This 6 page paper examines police corruption but also looks at the positive aspects of policing. Specific references to corruption are made. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA714pol.rtf

The Powers and Role of Security Personnel in the Detection of Fraud
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This 5 page paper considers the role of security personnel in the detection of different types of fraud and the ways in which they may be expected to respond considering their position within the company, their statutory and internal powers. The bibliography cites 3 sources.
Filename: TEsecpow.wps

The Primary Functions of Law Enforcement
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5 pages. Police are given a wide range of responsibilities in the criminal justice system, from directing traffic to solving homicides. For the most part their work is made up of three primary functions: order maintenance, law enforcement and service. This paper explains the importance of these functions and explains which function is the most important to our society and why. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: JGA3plce.rtf

The Problems with Eye Witness Testimony
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Eye witness testimony is often assumed to be some of the best evidence in a court case, the level of confidence of the witness also increase the trust placed in it by the jury. This 10 page paper looks at the problems associated with eye witness testimony form a psychological perspective, including the ways in which it can be tainted. The bibliography cites 13 sources.
Filename: TEeyewit.rtf

The Purpose of Law Enforcement in the United States
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A 3 page paper which examines the purpose of law enforcement in the United States. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAplaw.rtf

The Re-entry of Law Enforcement Officers as Non-Traditional Students in Higher Education
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This 39 page research study considers the issues surrounding the introduction of law enforcement officers as non-traditional students in higher education, based on the supposition that law enforcement officers used to require a lesser degree of higher education, and that job descriptions, job availability, job demands and changing societal expectations have determined the impetus for change. In addition, this research study also considers the nature of adult education, the development of educational improvements and the increasing role of police officers as a component of the higher education model. This paper outlines the current literature and a research study, including a methodology for conducting research. Bibliography lists 60 sources.
Filename: MHpolice.wps

The Relevance of International Justice
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This 10 page paper looks at international justice and whether or not international tribunals should be initiated or whether matters should be handled in national jurisdictions. Globalization is discussed. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: SA212jus.rtf

The Relevance of the Rampart Scandal
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This 5 page paper examines this police department scandal involving corruption. How it affects policing in general is noted. The bulk of the paper involves the facts of the scandal. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: SA649PD.rtf

The Rockland County Mounted Patrol Program (Critical Analysis)
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This 4 page paper focuses on mounted police programs, and particularly the one in Rockland County. Positive and negative aspects of the program are discussed. The fact that these programs help to prevent crime is accentuated. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA727hrs.rtf

The Role of Consent in Non-Fatal Offenses
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5 pages. The role of consent in non-fatal offenses plays a big part in how a crime is tried by jury. While one would assume that giving one's consent would seem to make something not a crime, as in the way of sexual offenses, there have been many surprising outcomes in trials by jury. This paper gives examples and defines what the role of consent means in an offense and how it is dealt with according to the law. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: JGAnftal.rtf

The Role of Law and Order
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This 9 page paper looks at the role of law and order in society. The paper starts by considering the purpose of law and order policies, the paper then looks at issues of accountability and how these relate to the law in UK, incldung the mechanisms to hold the police to account. The bibliography cites 16 sources.
Filename: TElaworder.rtf

The Role of the Media in Crime Investigations: Information Access, Limitations and Recommendations
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This is a 10 page paper discussing media access to information during crime investigations and the role of the media. While the media’s role is considered an important one in crime investigations, especially in the areas of mass appeals, most research has shown that the relationship between the crime investigation units and the media is one of a delicate balance. When policing units do not release information to the media, they are disregarding their responsibility to the safety of the public while at the same time leaving the media to initiate their own investigations often with unreliable information and conclusions. On the other hand, when too much information is released, the investigation can be jeopardized, or the release of sensitive information can be damaging to the victims and their families. The media sensationalizing crimes or releasing too much information has also led to accusations of copycat crimes. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TJmedcr1.rtf

The Role of the Police Officer
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This 3 page paper examines four roles played by police officers: The crime fighter, the social agent, the law enforcer and the watchman. Each of the roles are described. No bibliography.
Filename: SA542crm.rtf

The Sacramento Police Department's Response to Terrorism
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This 8 page paper addresses the issue of terrorism.The Sacramento Regional Office of Homeland Security and the Sacramento Police Department are discussed. Recommendations are made. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA721Sac.rtf

The Sacramento Police Department: An Example of Change
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This 7 page paper examines a number of things related to the Sacramento P.D. Various changes it has implemented along with general trends in policing are examined in this comprehensive analysis. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: SA703Sac.rtf

The United States Marshals Service
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15 pages on the U.S. Marshals history, primary functions, and major problems faced by this branch of Federal law enforcement today. Discussed details the fact that the Marshal's service houses the country's largest detention population and has consequently experienced problems with bedspace and other provisions. Some programs being introduced to help remedy this problem are explained as well. A number of useful statistics concerning budgeting and finance are included and the writer argues all points analytically. Bibliography lists 12+ sources.
Filename: Marshals.wps

The Use of Computer Technology by Police Departments
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This 5 page paper takes a look at the latest technology and how computers are used in investigations and in the prevention of crime. Ways in which law enforcement agents utilize computers is the focus of this paper. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA131PD.rtf

The Use of Discretion in Police Work
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This 8 page paper examines how police use discretion in the course of their work. Ten separate examples are provided for analysis. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA729cop.rtf

The Use of Mediation Skills in Dealings with Informants
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This 10 page paper examines how informants are used. Mediation skills are viewed as useful in handling informants. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: SA746med.rtf

The Use Of Nonlethal Force By Police
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4 pages in length. The extent to which excessive force is inherent to the fundamental structure of any law enforcement agency is both grand and far-reaching; that offenders erect myriad barriers for police officers to straddle in the attempt to apprehend speaks to the undeniable correlation between force and capture. However, this is not to say police enjoy roughing up perpetrators but rather illustrates the intrinsic need to do so by virtue of the confrontational nature of law enforcement. To this end, a number of viable alternatives to excessive - and even lethal - force have proven effective in both the apprehending of offenders and the mitigation of physical injury. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCNonlethal.rtf

The Use of Nonlethal Force by Police
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of non lethal weapons and looks at positive and negative aspects of these. Stun guns, bean bags, electric and chemical alternatives to bullets are discussed. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA218non.rtf

The Value Assumptions in Prison Inequities, Police Brutality, Violence in the Visiting Venice, Italy
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An 11 page paper which discusses the many attractive qualities that make Venice a popular tourist attraction. The physical and cultural aspects of Venice are discussed in depth, providing the reader with a very detailed look at the city. Events, lodging, and other various forms of involvement are also discussed. In addition, the influence the tourists have, or possibly have, upon the locals is discussed in regards to how the two can better interact with little damage or animosity. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: RAvenice.wps

Three Perspectives on Police Unions
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This 4 page paper examines the concept of the police union in general. How they are perceived and their purpose is discussed. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: SA411pu.rtf

TJ Hickey's Death And Racism
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13 pages in length. "Racism is transmitted both through the unconscious use of racist stereotype as well as through white people's refusal to think about the power of their own place in the world" (Elder, 1998, p. 26). The unfortunate set of circumstances that led to the death of Aboriginal youth TJ Hickey illustrates quite clearly the validity of Elder's statement above. While no physical contact whatsoever occurred between police and the young boy, the overwhelmingly oppressive and racist presence of Australia's law enforcement upon the Aboriginal population is wholly responsible for Hickey's death. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: TLCTJHickey.rtf

To What Extent Can Crime Pattern Analysis Assist The Security Manager?
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15 pages in length. The very essence of security management is to prevent crime before it occurs; while this may be an apparent observation, the extent to which it is realized within the scope of safety measures speaks to the need for greater focus upon crime pattern analysis. To understand the pattern of criminal activity is to possess the tools to thwart it from happening; that analysis of these myriad elements leads to preventive tactics illustrates how this approach can assist the security manager. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: TLCCrimePat.rtf

Trends in Policing in the Sacramento Area
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This 4 page paper focuses on the Sacramento Police Department and other agencies in the area, but many trends can be applied generally. Various trends in policing and containing crime are noted. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA7033.rtf

U.S. Customs Service
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A 6 page overview of U.S. Customs covering just a few of its services, including defense of U.S. trade laws and borders against spies, drug traffickers, illegal aliens, unsafe vehicles, and terrorists. The writer posits that the agency's services are far-reaching and necessary. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Uscust.doc

UK anti-terrorist legislation
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A five page paper which looks at the recent anti-terrorist legislation in the UK, with particular reference to the issues of civil liberties and freedom of information which have been raised by the current Bill. Bibliography lists 10 sources
Filename: JLukterr.rtf

Unprofessional Conduct in Law Enforcement
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This 3 page paper looks at several incidents where officers exhibited unprofessional conduct. What can be done about such situations, and what is usually done to reprimand officers, is the topic examined. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA537Un.rtf

Utilizing COPPS Philosophy And SARA Method To Address Street Racing And Underage Drinking Problem
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4 pages in length. Proactive, prevention-oriented approaches are far superior - and generate far greater results - than the conventional method law enforcement has utilized for centuries. The extent to which the Community Oriented Policing and Problem Solving (COPPS) philosophy works in tandem with the SARA method (scanning, analysis, response and assessment) is both grand and far-reaching; that this coupling provides a synergistic approach to addressing the issues of street racing and underage drinking problem in the Westwood community speaks to the tremendous benefit of deterrent tactics before the undesirable behavior takes place over hard-lined punishment after the fact. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLC_COPPS.rtf