Constructivism in the Classroom
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A 5 page paper discussing the method of learning called constructivism. This method of learning essentially puts a lot of the responsibility of learning into the child's hands for it is the child who constructs his, or her, own agenda in relationship to knowledge. This does not mean that teachers are unnecessary but that the child has more responsibility, and pride, for their own education. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Consclas.wps

Constructivism, Gardner's Multiple Intelligences And Vygotsky's Social Cognition
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8 pages in length. As individual as each and every child is with regard to unique talents, traits and abilities, the manner by which any given child is imparted with knowledge must take into consideration these unique facets of individuality. The extent to which teaching encompasses a vast array of educational theories to help develop appropriate curriculum is both grand and far-reaching; that Gardner's multiple intelligences, Vygotsky's social cognition and constructivism reflect three particularly viable approaches speaks to the need for a grand variance when it comes to the way children are taught. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TLCLrnThr.rtf

Contemporary Challenges for Educators
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This 5 page paper focuses on community involvement. How educators are challenged as a result. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: SA817sch.rtf

Content Area Reading
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This 8 page paper discusses several topics. The first section briefly explains the theories of Piaget and Vygotsky and also one of the trends in content area reading approaches. The second section provides some examples for teaching content area vocabulary. The last section discusses the differences between Piaget, Vygotsky and Bruner by briefly explaining each and then describes what a Vygotskian classroom might look like. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PGcntn.RTF

Controversies in Education
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7 pages. This paper deals with several controversies in education including teacher shortages due to the low salaries, teacher certification problems and retirement. All three topics are well covered and have pertinent facts as to why they are problems. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: JGAedsht.rtf

Cooperative /Collaborative Language Learning; PowerPoint Presentation
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This 10 page paper is a presentation concerning the use of a collaborative/co-operative approach to language teaching. The presentation looks at the background to collaborative learning including the theory and principle and then considers teaching approaches applied to language lessons. A PowerPoint file is included with the paper. The bibliography cites 7 sources.
Filename: TEcollablang.rtf

Cooperative and Direct Learning Approaches in the Language Arts
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A 5 page review of the value each of these learning approaches have to the high school student. Emphasizing the lessons that are available in the skills of debate, the author contends that both the cooperative experience and the direct approach can be of tremendous value to the student. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPEdCoop.rtf

Cooperative Discipline
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An 8 page paper. The two most common approaches to cooperative discipline are from Albert and Freiberg. The writer discusses each, including the basic principles, components and goals of each. Freiberg's model is called Consistency Management & Cooperative Discipline. As is shown in the essay the two approaches as far as cooperative discipline is concerned have a number of similarities. Research supporting Freiberg's model is also included. bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PGCLCMD.rtf

Cooperative Learning
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A 6 page research paper that offers a literature review that examines a variety of sources in order to ascertain an overall understanding of how educators view cooperative learning, as well as what the latest research on this pedagogical method reveals about its efficacy. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: khcoopl.rtf

Cooperative Learning
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This 8 page paper provides an overview of the use of cooperative learning techniques in the classroom setting. This paper relates the value of using cooperative learning teaching methods. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: MHCoopL3.rtf

Cooperative Learning And Classroom Management
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This 10 page paper provides a description of cooperative learning, a model that has been accepted as an exceptionally effective teaching methodology since the mid-1960s. Elements and goals of this instructional methodology are included as is some of the research validating this method as effective. For example, research consistently concludes that students in cooperative learning classrooms achieve higher academic test scores, higher self-esteem, learn more positive social skills, hold fewer stereotypes of individuals of other races or ethnic groups, and gain greater comprehension of the content and skills being studied. The writer also discusses why and how cooperative learning is also an exceptional classroom management technique. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: PGclclmgt.rtf

Cooperative Learning And Complex Thinking Skills
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A 5 page paper. Cooperative learning has been found to enhance and increase performance in many different areas, including thinking. In this paper, the writer discuses how cooperative learning improves higher level thinking skills. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PGclthn.rtf

Cooperative Learning And Learning Disabilities
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This 8 page paper discusses a number of theorists, including Piaget, Dewey, Vygotsky, Bandura, Lave, Pask and Smith. The purpose of the discussion is to set up the rationale for using cooperative learning when teaching reading and writing to students with learning disabilities. The writer also offers comments regarding the behaviorist approach as promoted by Skinner. Two examples of cooperative activities to enhance reading and writing skills are included. bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: PGclldrd.rtf

Copyright Fair Use Model: Education
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Title 17 of the U.S. Code states copyrights are not infringed in the act of fair use in an educational setting. This includes reproduction of audio and written works used solely for the purpose of education. However, there are provisions to use; it is limited. For example, if an educator copies materials for class use, but then uses that copy to write a journal article, the educator has passed into the realm of copyright infringement as one limitation of Title 17 specifies that the use must be non-profit and not have an effect upon the market of the information used. In order to understand fair use policy, internal policies must be established to inform faculty students and staff the specifics of the copyright laws. Team members are encouraged to understand and comply with the following guidelines. 3 references. jvFairUs.rtf
Filename: jvFairUs.rtf

Core Curriculum For Each Subject?
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6 pages in length. Implementing core curriculum in each subject is an element of education that is long overdue. Clearly, the methodology of contemporary teaching leaves much to be desired, inasmuch as there exists a vast differentiation with regard to academic access. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCcore.wps

Corporal Punishment
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5 pages in length. Should schools allow corporal punishment? This paper shows both sides of this controversial subject with a listing of those states that have banned it. Gives some statistics as to the numbers of students punished annually as well. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: JGAcpnsh.wps

Creating A Professional Learning Community
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Creating A Professional Learning Community : A 16 page paper. The first part of this essay discusses learning communities and professional learning communities and comments on the piecemeal approach to educational reform. The six principles of a learning community as presented by Boyer are outlined as a comparison to the components found in professional leaning communities, which are comprehensibly described. The writer reports the process one superintendent used to initiate professional learning communities in a district. The purpose and activities of the collaborative team are explained. This essay is a comprehensive introduction to professional learning communities with examples. Bibliography lists 11 sources. PGplcom.rtf
Filename: PGplcom.rtf

Creating Curiosity About Math
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A 3 page research paper that explores ways to engage middle school students' curiosity and imagination by using math. Four lesson plans are discussed. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: khccmath.rtf

Creativity
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A 4 page paper that addresses these topics: what is creativity, the principles of creativity, why children are more creative than adults, if some people are more creative than others, and should creativity be encourages in school. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PGcretv.rtf

Creativity in the Classroom
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This 5 page paper addresses the subject of creativity and how schools can incorporate projects to foster creative outcomes. The focus is primarily on elementary schools but information is also applicable to other age groups, including adulthood. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Creatclas.wps

Creativity, Systems Theory, Problem Solving
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A 30 page paper. The catalyst question is how can the ideas and premises in these three areas help African American students to be more effective in public speaking. The essay is divided into specific sections: a discussion of creativity, how it is defined and described and what it means to be creative; systems theories and systems thinking that illustrates that we all develop in different systems; problem solving and decision making. The essay then brings the topics of public speaking, creativity, systems theory, and problem solving together. The essay ends with a summary and conclusions. Bibliography lists 23 sources.
Filename: PGpblsp8.rtf

Critical Period Hypothesis - Second Language Acquisition
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A 5 page paper that discusses the entitled hypothesis. This report includes comments from both sides of the question - is there a critical period for achieving native-like proficiency a second language. The research would suggest the question is too simple, there are many different variables to consider. Some aspects of the second language do not have any age limit, while with other aspects, proficiency does seem to decline as one gets older. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PGcph2n.RTF

Critical Thinking in the Science Classroom
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A 5 page research paper that examines how scientists are helping teachers to create science curricula that encourages critical thinking and reasoning skills. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: khcrithi.wps

Critique of "Supporting and Facilitating Self-Directed Learning"
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A 1 page paper discussing the value of an article from the ERIC database. The paper goes into as much detail as possible within the 250-word limit, and finds that the article is sound in its theory and practice. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: KSeduLrnContract.rtf

Critique of Article: Special Needs Math Education
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5 pages. Looks at an informal inclusion program at a secondary school and critiques the study done based on that program. Gives information about the data collection, the success and weakness of the study and significant findings. An excellent research project in critiquing a data study. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: JAsemath.rtf

Critique of Lisa Delpit’s “Other People’s Children: Cultural Conflict in the Classroom”
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An 8 page paper which discusses the book’s strengths and weaknesses, compares and contrasts with other author’s conceptualizations of achievement motivation, achievement and culturally relevant pedagogy, and describes how these ideas can be applied to achievement motivation among African-American males. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TGldelpit.rtf

Critique of Research Study in Education
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This 5 page paper evaluates an article by Helwig, Anderson and Tindal that appears in The Journal of Education Research. The study as explained in the article is explored and critiqued in an outline format. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA224Ed.rtf

Cultural Basis of Education, Pedagogy and Educational Psychology
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This 5 page paper considers the cultural basis for education, pedagogy and educational psychology in the U.S., England and elsewhere. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: HVCltEdu.rtf

Cultural Communication Learning Styles
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A 27 page paper. This essay has four sub-headings: structure inequality as it applies to the general society, cultural influences on education, organizational change and summary and conclusions. Each discussion is as comprehensive as possible in the space limitations. Each reports research findings to demonstrate how that topic is related to the whole. The essay provides data to support the assertion that stratification exists at all levels in society. A Table is also included to illustrate the risk factors and ratios of White students, African American students and Hispanic students relative to their placement in special education programs. Bibliography lists 21 sources.
Filename: PGclcml8.rtf

Cultural Mediation/High School Teaching & Learning
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A 7 page research paper that discusses the need for culturally mediated instruction. This examination of culturally mediated teaching explores literature on this topic and what this body of information indicates relative to how the teacher and the learner can go about the process of mediating culture in order to establish communication that informs and benefits both parties. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: khcmhs.rtf

Cultural Policy
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A 3 page research paper/essay that, first of all, defines cultural policy; then, discusses why school systems need a cultural policy and then offers a brief discussion as to cultural policy content. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khsscup.rtf

Culturally Diverse Teaching
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A 5 page research paper/essay that discusses key elements that K.M. Zeichner identified in 1993 as essential to teacher education in regards to culturally diverse student populations. The writer summarizes and examines these elements, and discusses whether they remain applicable to teacher education today. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: khculdt.rtf

Culturally Sensitive Math Classrooms
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A 12 page paper. As schools become even more diversified, teachers face daunting challenges in creating a classroom that meets the needs of all students. Math is typically viewed as the subject area in which culturally and linguistically diverse students would have the fewest problems. This is not true. Upon more careful review, we find that mathematics has its own language and includes terminology that can easily cause confusion to culturally diverse students. This essay begins with general comments about teaching linguistically and culturally diverse students and provides suggestions within that discussion. The essay then discusses issues concerning classroom environment and then, language and materials in the teaching of math. Suggestions for improving math instruction for students from different cultures are included. There are also specific discussions about African-American and Hispanic students. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PGclmt.rtf

Current Perspectives/Math and Science Education
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A 3 page research paper that discusses the fact that the position of the United States in relation to other countries and math and science education has been a cause for concern for the last decades. This examination of literature looks at current perspectives on trends in US education, with a focus on math and science education and how this impacts the country as a whole. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khcurms.rtf

Curriculum and Aims: Book Review
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5 pages. This review of Curriculum and Aims by Decker F. Walker and Jonas F. Soltis introduces the reader to the view that curriculum affects not only students and teachers, but families, politics and society in general. This viewpoint is not simply opinion by the authors but is backed up with facts and statistics. With questions and answers that are used to stimulate the mind and to bring home certain points, the authors drive home the point that the end results of curriculum and its development is far-reaching and has a lasting effect far beyond what was previously thought. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: JGAcuaim.wps

Curriculum and Reading Fluency
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This 3 page paper is an article review that examines one research project published in 2003. The usefulness of the material, and how students learn in respect to curriculum and early experience, are things discussed. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA636sch.rtf

Curriculum Development
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A 4 page research paper that consists of 2 short 2-page topics. The first topic deals with the importance of planning and organization of curriculum at distinct school levels. The second addresses an experiment in differentiated instruction. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: khsccur.rtf

Curriculum Development and Motivation for Adult Learners
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This 7 page paper considers the five stages of developing a curriculum; diagnosis, design, assessment, facilitation and redesign, and uses these to show how, with a behaviourist approach, different models of curriculum design can be enhanced to increase student motivation. The bibliography cites 8 sources.
Filename: TEcurric.rtf

Curriculum Development for Home Instruction Schools
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This 10 page paper discusses how the curriculum used in home instruction in New York City could be improved. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: HVnycedu.rtf

Curriculum Development With the Use of Progressive and Traditional Models
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This 8 page paper focuses on curriculum development in education and particularly on three theorists: Glatthorn, Dewey, and Tyler. The paper concludes that while there are two opposing models in terms of curriculum development, that they can co-exist in school systems. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA342cur.rtf

Curriculum Evaluation
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7 pages in length. Determining the efficacy of a given academic curriculum requires a multifaceted evaluation that ultimately provides a broad and comprehensive overview of each component involved in the educational process. When considering the three-prong importance of 1) assessing student learning, 2) evaluating instructional practices and 3) evaluating the curriculum, it becomes quite clear how the absence of any one component precludes the ability to properly measure the overall application toward academic achievement. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TLCCurrEval.rtf

Curriculum Mapping
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A 3 page analysis of curriculum mapping. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAcmap.rtf

Curriculum Mapping
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6 pages. Students absorb knowledge willingly when in the right setting. Incorporating all the senses is an educational philosophy all teachers should adopt, yet not all instructors are experienced enough themselves to be able to lead their students through such an intense journey. Through the art of proper curriculum mapping, learning can incorporate many facets of a person and require him or her to participate fully and completely. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: JGAcurmp.wps

Curriculum Models
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A 6 page paper. Two curriculum models are briefly described and then compared: the Backward Design model by Wiggins and McTighe and the Curry/Samara model. The writer suggests these are not mutually exclusive. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PGcrc07.RTF

Curriculum Reform in Education in the 1960's
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(14 pp) Everything about the sixties seems to be about change, but it was curriculum reform that was going on in education. This discussion will examine some of those reforms, and note whether they are still in effect, or how they have changed. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: BBedcR60.doc