Legislative Fuel Issues: Economic Impact
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18 pages in length. The 1980's presented the perfect scenario with regard to the economic and political relationship to the oil market. Depending upon one's interpretation of which direction the oil market was heading during that time, various approaches were taken in relation to its final and stabilizing outcome. Indeed, this particular decade was quite instrumental in determining what was to be expected for future decades that were to follow. With the current situation of proposed taxation and mileage regulation, the need has never been more critical for alternative sources in order to ease the inherent economic impact. Progress has been made over the past two decades since the 1980s oil issue; as such, the combined efforts of regulatory and market pressures proved to generate twice the miles per gallon from 1973. Still, the positive economic impact of such changes must be only the beginning toward addressing the steadily depleting fuel supply. The writer discusses suggested changes in legislation in order to address the growing energy problem. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TLCFulTx.wps

Lessons Learned From Love Canal
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6 pages in length. Lessons learned from the hazardous waste incident at Love Canal were ones that did not need to be taught; rather, there was no learning curve involved with knowing that building a community on top of a defunct waste site had the potential - if not sooner than most certainly later - to become an environmental disaster of massive proportions. That such a lesson would need be taught to developers is unsettling on its own; to have developers make the conscious decision to place myriad families directly in harms way for the benefit of a buck speaks to a breach of ethics no amount of remuneration could rectify but that a handful of new legislation could attempt to prevent in the future. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TLClovecanal.rtf

Lichens as Bioindicators
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A 5 page discussion of the use of lichens as biological indicators. Defines lichens, describes their varied and important ecological roles, and discusses the various environmental parameters which affect their growth, diversity, and distribution. Emphasizes the importance of analytical techniques which utilize lichens in assessing the impacts of air pollution. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPlichen.wps

Limitations of Global Resources
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This 6 page paper examines resources of the world such as water and oil and talks about the future. Will the world run out of natural resources? What can be done to render an improved situation? This paper looks at several issues and options. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA521glo.rtf

Living With Nuisance Wildlife: A Challenge That Will Not Go Away
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A 3 page discussion of so-called nuisance wildlife. The author emphasizes that nuisance wildlife, in reality, is displaced wildlife. They have been displaced not through any action of their own but by the actions of humans. Until we change those actions nuisance wildlife is indeed a problem that will not go away. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPwldlfN.rtf

Long-Range Future of Urban Solid Waste
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A 6 page paper set in 2050, discussing the strides that have been made in the past 48 years. Certainly the population is higher and the city contains greater land area through annexation of outlying areas throughout the ensuing five decades. The fact that there is little change in the volume of urban solid waste over the 50 year period translates to immense progress in the management of that waste. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: KSenvUrbanWst.rtf

Losing Touch With Nature: A Human Tragedy
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This 5 page paper explores the view that we as a society have lost much in terms of happiness and humanity as we lose touch with nature. As a result of our having lost touch with nature, not only are we less happy, but we have become less humane as well. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: JGAnatur.wps

Low Tech Options for Reducing our Continued Dependence on Foreign Oil
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A 3 page discussion of the hazards inherent in our dependence on foreign oil. This paper suggests utilization of waste vegetable oil systems and wood gas systems for the family vehicle. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPenergylowtech.rtf

Making Hospitals Eco-Friendly
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A 3 page paper that reports what some hospitals are doing to become 'greener.' The writer reports hospitals building new facilities who are trying to attain the LEED certification. The paper also discusses some of the things existing hospitals can do to reduce waste and energy costs and the benefits of doing so. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PGhosec.rtf

Man, Trophic Level, and Environmental Impacts
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A 4 page discussion of man’s place in the world ecosystem. The author details the concepts of tropic level and food chain. An emphasis is made on man’s potentially to catastrophically alter the world. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: PPenvTrophicLv1.rtf

Managing Climate Change In Developing Countries
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A 3 page paper. Managing climate change means reducing global warming and devising strategies to reduce warming and also adopting strategies to try to minimize the damage climate changes have caused. This paper discusses these issues and reports examples of what these countries can do to manage these changes. The paper also reports commitments developing countries have made to reduce warming. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PGcldvm9.rtf

Mangroves
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An 8 page paper which examines species of mangroves and the contribution of mangroves to the environment. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: RAmangv.rtf

Marine Biology: From Ostracoderms to Halibut
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A 5 page discussion of one of the more notable discoveries in marine biology, the discovery of Ostracoderm fossils in marine substrate. The author uses that example to illustrate the diversity of the marine system and then follow up with a discussion of the life history of the Pacific Halibut. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPfishE2.rtf

Marine Biology: Pollutants
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8 pages in length. The writer discusses marine pollution as it relates to coral reefs, southern California beaches and global waters. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TLCpollu.wps

Marine Pollution and the Law; The Problem of Operational Discharges
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This 34 page paper considers the way in which international law seeks to control oil pollution. The writer considers the background of the situation, such as the current condition of the shipping industry with the different pressures that have been placed upon it, such as the economic pressures. With this background the development of marine law relating to pollution is considered, looking specifically at the development of that are aimed at reducing and controlling operations discharges form sea going vessels. This includes considerations of the various international conventions including United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982. The bibliography cites 20 sources.
Filename: TEseapol.rtf

Market Orientation: Delphi Automotive
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(7 pp) Market-oriented organizations seek to find the most profitable match between taking into account such key driving factors as customer's perceptions of environmental and health issues. This organizational orientation is applied to the Delphi Automotive Products company. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BBdelphi.doc

Marvin Harris/ Cannibals and Kings
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A 5 page analysis that examines Cannibals and Kings: the Origins of Cultures by Marvin Harris. The writer demonstrates that Harris offers some intriguing ideas relative to the way that early man developed in response to environmental forces. Harris' book covers a wide-ranging variety of topics. In so doing, he often presents a perspective on history that is non-traditional. Nevertheless, Harris provides some very persuasive arguments that leave the reader with much to consider relative to the technologically oriented path of Western society. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99ck.rtf

MARYLAND INTERCOUNTY CONNECTOR AND ENVIRONMENT
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This 5-page paper examines the Maryland Intercounty Connector (ICC) and whether this proposed superhighway can reduce the current gridlock in the D.C./Maryland area and at the same time, have little or no negative impact on the environment, current housing or towns. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: MTmicc.rtf

Mass Market Ecotourism; A Contradiction or a Real Opportunity
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This 8 page paper considers the role of ecotourism. The mass market for tourism is often seen as being one that is in no way compatible to an ecological approach. This paper argues rather than being a contradiction, mass market ecotourism offer many benefits for both the tourist and the environment. The writer considers different types of ecotourism projects along with their successes and failures. The bibliography cites 9 sources.
Filename: TEectour.rtf

Mass Tourism
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This 10 page paper discusses mass tourism beginning with an introduction and tracing the history of mass tourism, which dates back to the early 1800s. Tourism is a massive business generating trillions of dollars each year. The writer discusses some of the areas in the world that have been affected by mass tourism and the warnings issued about specific regions, like the Mediterranean. The essay also discusses the areas that host the most tourists and the revenue it brings to those regions. Concerns regarding the impact of mass tourism are also discussed. The future outlook is outlined. Data included. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PGtoursm.rtf

Mato Tilpali: Conflict in the Black Hills
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A 5 page overview of the conflict that has arisen in trying to meet the multi-use designation of this national monument. This paper is written from the perspective of a Native American stakeholder who contends that the Lakota Nation should have control of this region. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPnaMultiUse.rtf

MCMICHAEL’S THEORY OF PLANETARY OVERLOAD
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This 13 page paper discusses the theoris of AJ McMichael and his book, Planetary Overload. His book is analyzed and compared to other scholars in this field. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: MBpopltn.rtf

Meeting the Needs of Sustainable Development
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6 pages. In order to meet the ethical needs of sustainable developments there need to be changes made socially, politically and economically. These and other factors are explained in this essay concerning the ethical needs of sustainable development in moving our society ever closer to becoming more environmentally conscious and sustainable. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: JGAsusag.rtf

Melissa Everett/"Making a Living"
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A 5 page review of Melissa Everett's book Making a Living While Making a Difference, in which Everett outlines ways by which individuals can find fulfillment in their careers by through environmental activism. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khmakliv.wps

Miami Beach / Land & Coastal Survey
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5 pages in length. A thorough analysis of the Miami Beach area in which the writer attempts to evaluate dangers of coastal erosion and human influence in order to determine feasibility as a resort. Vegetation, humidity, definition of the barrier coast, and offshore fishing are among the many items discussed. Recommendations are made for municipal government funding of new sea walls to better protect the area from further erosion. The writer concludes, however, that very little danger ultimately exists. No Bibliography.
Filename: Miamires.wps

Microbial Adhesion
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A 5 page overview of the literature reporting on the status of knowledge regarding the factors which influence the adhesion of microbial organisms. Notes that many of these factors are the same in the oral environment as they are in other environments. Emphasizes the importance of the curvature and molecular configuration of the microbe and the short range ionic interactions which occur. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPdentMc.wps

Mineral, Energy, and Water Resources of Kentucky
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A 17 page overview of the natural resources of the state of Kentucky. Provides a broad overview of the types of minerals which exists in the state and emphasizes that mining, while necessary to the economy and energy needs of the state, can have tremendous environmental impacts. Summarizes the importance and impact of limestone mining in particular and cautions that mining alone is not the only adverse environmental impact in the state of Kentucky. Outlines the importance of the states water bodies (including a two page list of some of the most noted) and wetlands and the impacts of such activities as the construction and operation of hydroelectric dams and domestic wastewaters. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: PPkyMnrl.wps

Minimalizing The Effects Of 'Environmental Management' On Wilderness
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A 5 page page paper discussing the impact of environmental management on wilderness areas and the integrity of wilderness. Bibliography lists eight sources.
Filename: Envmgmt.wps

Mining and Reclamation: A Suggestion for the Future
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A 6 page overview of the problems mining presents to Kentucky’s ecology. Mining can be tremendously disruptive from an environmental perspective. The answer to this disruption is a limitation of the types of areas which can be mined and an effective reclamation plan. The author suggests the creation of man-made wetlands as one aspect of this reclamation,wetlands which can then be used for the release and treatment of treated effluent from domestic wastewater plants. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPkyMine.rtf

Mississippi Coastal Improvement Program
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This 15 page paper provides an overview of the Mississippi Coastal Improvement Program, or MsCIP, which was developed in response to Hurricane Katrina. This paper considers the purpose of the Mississippi Coastal Improvement Program and the impacts. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: MHCoastalMi.rtf

Mongolia: Not for the typical tourist.
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(7 pp). The Mongolian People's Republic is a sparsely populated country comprising a land area over twice as much as Texas but only twelfth that state's population. It shares the vast Mongolian Plateau with portions in China and the Soviet Union and is the largest land-locked country in the world, and one of the newest democracies.The plateau is the traditional home of the Mongol people. During the 1200s the various Mongol tribes, united under Chingis Han (Ghengis Kahn), swept down from the plateau to carve out a great empire that eventually stretched from China to eastern Europe. Bibliography lists 5 source, including map.
Filename: BBmongul.doc

Moral Pluralism in the Environment
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5 pages. This paper explains the pros and cons of moral pluralism in the environment. This is based on two issues: endangered species and population control. Can the people agree on these issues? Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: JGAmplur.rtf

Mount Saint Helens
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This 5 page report discusses Mount Saint Helens in the Cascade Range in Washington State, a volcano that had been dormant since 1857, which erupted on May 18, 1980. The report focuses on geological aspects of the eruption. Over the past two decades, Mount Saint Helen as proven itself to be one of the best opportunities for modern scientist to understand the post-eruptive aspects of an active volcano in terms of both the anomalies caused and the recovery of the surrounding affected areas. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: BWgeodis.rtf

NAFTA and the Pollution Haven Hypothesis
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This 3 page paper looks at the pollution haven hypothesis which argues that international trade agreements such as NAFTA are directly increasing the level of pollution and environmental damage. The writer outlines the arguments before deciding which side might be right. The bibliography cites 1 source.
Filename: TEnaftaPol.rtf

Native American Uniformity in an Ecological World View?: A Polemic Approach to Demonstrating or Refuting the Validity of a Popular Perception
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A 15 page discussion of the popular perception that Native Americans exhibit a uniform ecological world view. Presents supporting and detracting arguments for this view. Notes first that the sheer diversity of Native American cultures and individuals would make it unlikely that such a uniformity in view exists. The author then points out demonstrated differences in the way that Native Americans interact with their environment as opposed to the way those of European backgrounds interact with theirs, differences which would appear to support the contention of a uniform ecological world view among Native Americans. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: PPnaEco2.wps

Native American Water Rights: Direct and Indirect Impacts
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A 10 page overview of the issues surrounding Native American water rights. Although water rights are not always mentioned in historic treaties, the Supreme Court ruled in 1908 that by establishing Native American reservations Congress implied and reserved the priority water rights necessary for present and future use. This paper provides an overview of the current impacts to those rights concentrating on the impacts of damming and mining. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: PPnaWatr.rtf

Natural Disasters
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This 5 page paper describes and explains four natural disasters: hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes and volcanoes. Each is described in terms of how it develops, the degree of strengths, as appropriate, and where it is most likely to happen. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: PGntdst.rtf

Natural Gas / World Energy Supply
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This 7 page research paper discusses issues concerning natural and other gases as world energy supplies. Inherent benefits, risks, dangers, and advantages over other energy sources are all examined. It is concluded that as an energy source, natural gas is not as widely used as are other types. Nevertheless, the availability of natural gas assures humankind a huge source of nonpolluting energy for the future. Bibliography lists 4+ sources.
Filename: Worlener.rtf

Natural Gas as a Fuel in Diesel Engines
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An 18 page paper discussing research in introducing natural gas as an enhancer for diesel fuel. Natural gas cannot fully substitute for any fuel in any type of internal combustion engine, but there have been attempts to use a pilot injection of diesel followed by injection of natural gas. The nature of natural gas is such that the diesel's continuous air supply is detrimental. The pilot diesel - natural gas combination has been successful in single-cylinder engines, but in no other diesel engines of any greater number of cylinders. Includes 2 diagrams and a chart. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: KSdieselNG.wps

Natural Gas As A Transportation Fuel
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5 pages in length. Without question, the world's energy demand has increased due directly to the fact that the population continues to rise. What this translates to in correlating statistics is that energy demands throughout the past half-century have tripled, the global economy has quintupled and the world population increased twofold. If the human species is going to sustain its existence much past the new millennium, alternative fuel sources – such as natural gas – must be implemented in virtually every sector of transportation. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TLCNatGs.rtf

Natural resources in France
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A six page paper which looks at the way natural resources are managed in France, especially water and forestry, and considers how well the country's environmental policies are implemented.
Filename: JLwater.rtf

Natural Rights And Environmental Sensuousness
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7 pages in length. The writer discusses the fundamental aspects of natural rights, as well as addresses humanity's loss of compassion toward the environment. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCNatRt.rtf

NATURE AND MADNESS: A BOOK REVIEW
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This paper examines Nature and Madness by Paul Shepard. Explained throughout the paper is Shepard's contention that the reason why the planet suffers ecologically today is because we have strayed from our roots as hunter-gathers.
Filename: MTshepar.rtf

NATURE AND MADNESS: A BOOK REVIEW
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This paper examines the theme and theories of environmentalist Paul Shepard in his book Nature and Madness. The paper discusses the book, and examines how Shepard ties the idea of humanity's departure from hunting and gathering into the environmental problems we are now experiencing. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MTnature.rtf

Nature, Ethics, and Mark Derr’s “Some Kind of Paradise”
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A 6 page paper which examines how the lack of human ethics has adversely affected land usage and its protection, using Derr’s consideration of South Florida as supportive evidence. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TGderrpara.rtf