Obesity - An American Epidemic
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This 10 page paper provides an overview of obesity in the U.S. The definition and diagnostic criteria are presented first, followed by the prevalence of obesity in the world and in the U.S. Specific data are given for children, adolescents and adults in terms of percentages overweight and obese. Nearly one-third of Americans are obese and over 60 percent are overweight. Health problems associated with obesity are discussed. Ideas about the etiology of obesity are reported. The last section includes comments on treatment. Startling statistical data included. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PGobese.rtf

Obesity in Adults
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This 30 page paper looks at the problem, causes and treatment of obesity. The paper starts with an introduction, defines what is meant by obesity and discusses the influences on obesity, including genetic, environmental and behavioural influences. The paper discusses the conditions that result from, or that are aggravated by, obesity, including diabetes and coronary heart failure. The paper then goes on to look at the way obesity can be treated and the models of change which can help to frame treatment approaches, including the Tannahill Model as well as the approach of Prochaska and Diclemente. The discussion in the paper includes policies and approaches seen in the United Kingdom National Health Service (NHS) and UK obesity statistics .The bibliography cites 34 sources.
Filename: TEobesity.rtf

Obesity: Medical, Sociological, and Psychological Factors
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An 8 page discussion of the factors that contribute to obesity. Although the problem of obesity has plagued mankind since ancient times, it was never as prevalent as it is today. That prevalence can be related to two factors: less energy expenditure currently needed to obtain food, and a change in the way we regard food. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: PPobesHs.rtf

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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A 9 page research paper that examines Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The writer discusses etiology, symptoms and behavior, pharmacological and behavior therapies and recent research. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: khocd.rtf

Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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6 pages in length. Research findings indicate that nearly eighteen million Americans suffer with the dangerous and exhausting effects of sleep apnea, in which certain mechanical and structural problems in the airway cause the interruptions in breathing during sleep. Telltale signs of a potential problem include loud snoring, obesity, high blood pressure and a physical blockage of the nose, throat or upper airway. Its prevalence appears to be genetic to some degree; however, its appearance in overweight patients also indicates that its composition is rooted in both genetics and environment. The writer discusses cause, diagnosis, treatment and long-term consequences of obstructive sleep apnea. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TLCapnea.wps

Occupational Asthma In The United Kingdom
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This 14 page paper provides an overview of occupational asthma in the UK beginning with a definition and the categories of substances that are irritants. The incidence of this disease in the UK is reported along with the fact that this particular occupational disease is on the rise in all developed nations. The typical diagnostic process is reported followed by a discussion of the sensitizers/agents that can cause asthma in the workplace. The eight most common asthma-causing agents are reported and explained. The writer identifies the highest risk occupations identified in the literature, including ratios. Prevention steps, including regulations, are also reported. The conclusion discusses the roles of the occupational hygienists in assessing and monitoring this condition. Statistical data included. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: PGocasth.rtf

Odontogenic Residual (Periapical) Cysts
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of Odontogenic Residual (Periapical) Cysts. This paper looks at the epidemiology, etiology and treatment/prognosis. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: MHDenCys.rtf

Optometry School Admissions Essay
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This 3 page paper provides an overview of the basic elements of optometry for use in an optometry school admissions essay.
Filename: MHOptome.rtf

Oral Cancer, Dentists, and Oral Hygienists
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This 5 page report discusses the fact that for oral cancer, tobacco use is the biggest risk factor and alcohol seems to increase the risk when used in combination with tobacco. In fact, research has shown that alcohol consumption increase the risk twofold to threefold compared with nonsmoking abstainers. Unfortunately, the awareness by the general public of oral cancer in comparison with other forms of cancer is quite low. As a result, diagnoses are often needless delayed. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BWorcanc.wps

Oral Health in America -- Underserved Low-Income Children and Adults
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This 10 page report discusses the fact that oral health is an essential component of overall physical health and well-being but that a remarkably small number of low-income families and individuals receive minimum, much less adequate, oral health care and treatment. For example, the point is made that “dental disease rates for children living in poverty continue to be higher than their middle-class counterparts, while public funding for oral health programs has continually decreased since the mid 1980s.” Literature related to the topic is reviewed. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: BWdentor.wps

Oral Health is Linked to Overall Health
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Oral health is an important factor in our overall health. The thesis is presented that Maintaining a healthy mouth can help maintain a healthy heart, lungs, and other body systems. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPdentOverallHealth.rtf

Origins of Mental Health Problems; A Case of Dementia
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This 7 page paper considers the broad origin of mental health problems and the way there may be some impair or disrupted brain function. The paper then goes on to explore dementia, looking at the variety of causes that can result in the disruption of the brain causing dementia as a symptom. This is then applied to the case of an elderly women and other issue of nursing are then considered at the end, such as the legal requirements (according to UK law) and holistic considerations. The bibliography cites 7 sources.
Filename: TEdementia.rtf

Osteoarthritis
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This 5 page paper describes the disease of Osteoarthritis, the symptoms, the possible causes of the primary and secondary manifestation of this painful disease and potential testaments, such as physical therapy, ultrasound, pain killers and even ginger. The bibliography cites 8 sources.
Filename: TEartrit.wps

Osteomalacia
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A 4 page overview of this bone disorder. Associated with Vitamin D deficiencies, the condition is most often successfully treated with simple Vitamin D supplementation. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPosteom.rtf

Osteoporosis In Elderly Women
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A 14 page paper that defines and describes this disease and the incidence. The paper explains how it is diagnosed and treated. Comments are separated into sections, including Pathophysiology, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment; the role of Nurse Educators; Quality of Life issues; and Community/Healthcare Resources, including nursing homes. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: PGostde9.rtf

Outline: Bulimia Nervosa
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This 6 page paper discusses what bulimia nervosa is, the etiology of the disease, and effective interventions/treatments. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: HVOtBuNv.rtf

Ovarian Cancer in “Wit” by Margaret Edson
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A 5 page paper which examines the condition of ovarian cancer presented in the play “Wit” by Margaret Edson. The paper examines the play as it reflects modern society and reactions to such cancer. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: RAwit.rtf

Ovarian Cancer/An Overview
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A 4 page research paper that offers an overview of ovarian cancer by discussing signs and symptoms; facts, causes, diagnosis, stages, and treatment of this disease. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: khovcan.rtf

Overweight Children in America: An Analysis of Methodology
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This 4 page paper examines a web site that looks at overweight children over time. The charts are examined for appropriateness of use as well as accuracy. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA450ovr.rtf

Ovulation Induction
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A 3 page analysis of a research paper: Comparison Between Two Methods of Ovulation Induction: Clomiphene Alone and Clomophene +Tamoxifen in PCOS Patients by Ghafourzadeh et al. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAufer.rtf

Pain Disorders
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A 5 page paper which presents an overview of pain disorders and their treatment. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RApaind.rtf

Palliative Care for Terminally Ill Patients
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A 14 page overview of the many considerations of palliative care. Emphasizing palliative care for terminal breast cancer patients, this paper points out that our focus on pharmacological and clinically-based interventions are often myopic, that we need to consider alternative treatment regimes on a case-by-case basis. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: PPbrstCn.rtf

Palliative Care for the Terminally Ill: Ethical Considerations
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A 10 page discussion of the ethics behind palliative care for the terminally ill. The author contends that palliative care for the terminally ill is a specialized field of medicine which is slowly emerging in step with certain changes in our society and our mindset. Evaluates a number of issues surrounding care for the terminally ill including resource allocation and pain management. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPpallia.rtf

Pancreatic Cancer
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A 6 page discussion of this potentially fatal disease. This paper describes symptoms and methods for diagnosing the condition. Bibliography lists sources.
Filename: PPpancreaticcncr.rtf

Paper and Pulp Mills: Impacts to Public Health and the Environment
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A 5 page contention that pulp and paper mills are a double-edged sword for some of the areas of the nation where they are located. On the one hand, they provide much-needed jobs and infrastructural development. On the other hand, the industrial process utilized by these mills can be harmful to both people and the environment. This paper reviews some of the pollutants that are associated with these mills and the impacts they can have on public health and the environment. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPenvPpr.rtf

PARKINSON'S DISEASE AND GROWTH FACTORS
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This 5-page paper focuses on the use of growth factors as potential treatments for those with Parkinson's disease. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: MTpardis.rtf

Pathologic Gambling In Parkinson's Disease Patients Using Dopamine Agonist
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8 pages in length. Medical technology continues to improve with each passing decade whereby new medicinal discovers are providing greater potential for addressing disease and illness. However, there is one aspect to this ever-evolving benefit to human health that has yet to be eradicated from the mix, and that is the pervasive reality of drug side effects. Those with diseases and illness that are otherwise difficult to manage are often eager to balance the inherent benefits of the drug with the built-in side consequences, yet sometimes those side effects alter one's behavior to the point that even the strongest of mental constitutions cannot handle. A percentage of Parkinson's patients taking dopamine agonists represent a particular population of people whose side effect wholly compromises any good that comes from taking the medication, inasmuch as pathological behavior in the form of gambling proves to instigate tremendous problems for the individuals and their families due to the impact upon their financial situation. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TLCParkDisGam.rtf

Pathophysiology of Cardiomyopathy
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This 5 page report discusses the heart disease of cardiomyopathy which is second only to coronary artery disease (CAD) as the most common direct cause of sudden death. To explain cardiomyopathy at the most simplistic level, it is a disease of the heart muscle that stops the muscle from producing the normal force for a natural contraction. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: BWcardio.wps

Pathophysiology Of Graves' Disease
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7 pages in length. Graves' disease, which was named after Robert Graves in 1835, refers to the hyperactivity of the thyroid gland, considered to be one of the body's primary regulating organs. Having an overactive thyroid produces a number of symptoms that make life most difficult to endure; however recognizing those as being indicative of Graves' disease is not always a simple matter. Sometimes the symptoms mirror other conditions or are not readily acknowledged until being somewhat advanced so that the physical indications are more than apparent. The writer discusses cause, signs, symptoms and treatment of Graves' disease. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCgrave.wps

Pathophysiology of Necrotizing Fasciitis
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This 3 page report discusses the pathophysiologic aspects of necrotizing fasciitis. The general term of "necrotizing soft tissue infections" encompasses a large number of skin infections caused by bacteria or fungi. However, necrotizing fasciitis is a deep subcutaneous infection can result in serious tissue destruction, system toxicity, or death. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BWnecfas.rtf

Patient Case Study
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This 10 page paper provides an overview of a patient history, diagnosis and potential treatment options. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: MHPatDiag45.rtf

Patient Education and Compliance: Review of the Literature and Proposal for Black Male Diabetics Ages 40 through 60
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This 4 page paper provides a literature review and examines compliance in diabetics in general. Racial differences are noted. Patient eduction is the focus of this paper that makes recommendations. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA821med.rtf

Patient Perception of Therapy; An Article Critique
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This 6 page paper critically evaluates a research paper by Llewelyn and Hume, that considers the role of relationships and non specific factors in therapy treatments. The paper focuses on the appropriateness of the design, sample and method and then consider other similar studies. The bibliography cites 4 souerces.
Filename: TEpatrpy.rtf

Patients’ Perceptions of the Long-Term Effects of Uncontrolled Blood Glucose
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This 15 page report discusses both physical and mental issues associated with the effects of uncontrolled blood glucose. Resulting health conditions such as diabetes, renal failure, and other problems are outline. The importance of personal patient responsibility and attitude is also presented. Bibliography lists 16 sources.
Filename: BWglucos.rtf

Pediatric AIDS
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In the 1980's, when the AIDS epidemic first became known to the general public, there was little concern that children would become a victim of this assiduous diseases. This 12 page paper explores the issues associated with pediatric AIDS and the long term care of survivors. Bibliography lists 22 sources.
Filename: KTpedhiv.wps

Pediatric Asthma:
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This 6 page paper discusses pediatric asthma in terms of who is at risk. Also, the paper discusses the best treament options and efective interventions. Bibliography lists 3 sources
Filename: GSAsthma.rtf

Pediatric Asthma: An Overview of Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention
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A 10 page discussion of the causes and interventions commonly employed in treating pediatric asthma. Asthma is one of several restrictive airway diseases (RAD) which can be complicated by a number of factors. Some of these factors are biological but others are environmental. One of the most prevalent associative conditions is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). There are a number of primary preventative methods which can be utilized to lessen the occurrence of pediatric asthma in families with a history of the condition. These methods concentrate on the reduction of reduction of indoor irritants. One of the most obvious nursing concerns for pediatric patients is the differing ability of the patient to employ preventative and pharmacological methods on their own. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPasthm2.rtf

Pediatric Asthma: Peer Education in Harlem
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A 14 page review of the causes and interventions for pediatric asthma. Concentrating on identifying important information for inclusion in a peer education program in Harlem, this paper defines the conditions and delineates its impact in New York, noting that lower socioeconomic classes are apparent more at risk for the condition than other classes. The author encourages an all-encompassing approach to educating citizens about this disease rather than a myopic approach of identifying only one or two causative mechanisms. Bibliography lists 17 sources.
Filename: PPasthHr.rtf

Penicillin
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In 10 pages the author discusses the history, background, pros and cons, and uses of penicillin, with emphasis on the history. Penicillin is the so-called wonder drug of the twentieth century. Because of this drug, many lives have been saved. Although penicillin has a history that is quite rocky, after a time the product was found to be quite useful in fighting bacterium and certain diseases to a point. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PCpenici.doc

Periodontal Disease
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This 4 page paper discusses the oral condition known as periodontal disease: its causes, symptoms, treatment and possible complications. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: HVPeridn.rtf

Periodontal Disease Control
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A 7 page paper describing the various phases of periodontal disease and their control. Gingivitis is the most common, and the mildest form of periodontal disease. Periodontitis is by far the most destructive form of periodontal disease, and was formerly believed to be simply a condition of old age. There are several treatment and control measures available now, including a vaccine. Bibliography lists seven sources.
Filename: Periodon.wps

Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters (PICCs)
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An 8 page discussion of the relative advantages and disadvantages of this approach to catheterization as opposed to the use of central venous lines. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPcatheter.rtf

Persuasive Essay in Support of Legalizing Euthanasia
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In ten pages this persuasive essay discusses why euthanasia should be considered legal in most cases. Seven sources are listed in an annotated bibliography.
Filename: TGeuthlegl.rtf

PET Scanning For Staging And Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer
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4 pages in length. The writer provides a brief overview of lung cancer and discusses the benefits and drawbacks of PET scanning. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCPETScan.rtf

Phantom Limb Pain
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A 5 page research paper that examines what science knows about phantom pain and how it is being treated. Phantom pain is frequently a problem for amputees who continue to feel pain in their missing limb even years after its loss. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: khphpain.wps