The Cause and Effect of Alcoholism
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5 pages in length. Out of control drinking is not simply a matter of health. The problem drinker soon finds that alcoholism affects the relationships with friends, family and co-workers as well. This explanatory research paper details the effects of alcoholism in the problem drinker and some of the causes associated with it. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: JGAalcho.rtf

The Cause and Effects of Depression
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A 5 page overview of depression noting that while depression is most often thought of as a psychological disorder, there are a number of factors which can be associated with the disorder. Current research reveals, in fact, that depression can be caused by either environmental factors or biological factors. A third school of thought, however, contends that it is both biological and environmental factors which cause this condition. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPdepre2.rtf

The Child Diabetic
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(8 pp) According to the American Nurses Association and American Association of Diabetes Educators (1998), diabetes, is increasingly recognized as a national health care and economic concern that is receiving a great deal of attention from legislators and payers and providers of health care services. Efforts to improve care, and thus decrease its complications, give additional impact to the need for nurses who specialize in this area. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BBjvdiab.doc

The Chiropractor's Perspective on Sleep Apnea
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An 8 page paper discussing the diagnosis of sleep apnea and possible treatment through chiropractic. Sleep disorders traditionally have not been addressed by chiropractic unless they have been found to stem from a condition that prevents the sufferer from being able to be comfortable enough to get a good night's sleep, which in itself contributes to the chiropractor's alleviation of the common physical problems for which he is normally consulted, such as low back pain. The chiropractor's entire focus of treatment is noninvasive physical manipulation of conditions, however, which even the mainstream medical community recognizes as the best treatment for sleep apnea in most cases. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Snoring.wps

The Connection Between Cellular Telephones and Brain Cancer
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This 12 page paper explores both sides of the controversy and concludes that brain cancer is not caused by radiation emitted from cell phones. Many studies are cited in this paper that is chock full of facts about the cell phone as well as the claims against their manufacturers. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: SA038cel.wps

The Cultural, Legal, and Ethical Consideration of Bipolar Disorder
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An 11 page discussion of this complex psychological condition. This paper accesses the condition, and its treatment, from a pharmacological and therapeutic standpoint, outlining the biophysiological associations of the condition as well as the importance of the therapeutic environment. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPbipolr.rtf

The Death of Ivan Ilych
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(5 pp.) Confronting Death is the last major task that is asked of us. Although it is no different for Ivan Ilych, if feels that it is, yet the pain is "always the same. Now a spark of hope flashes up, then a sea of despair rages, and always pain: always pain, always despair, and always the same. When alone he had a dreadful and distressing desire to call someone, but he knew beforehand that with others present it would be still worse. Another dose of morphine--to lose consciousness. I will tell him, the doctor, that he must think of something else. It's impossible, impossible, to go on like this." His wife tells him. And yet -still - he must go on. How he even be able to access his life. The writer looks at that and other questions that death brings. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BBtolsty.doc

The Diagnosis and Treatment of Otitis Media and Asthma
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This 6 page paper provides an overview of two different issues, the treatment of otitis media nad the treatment of asthma, both in school-aged children. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: MHOtit44.rtf

The Diagnosis, Treatment, and Current Research on Chronic Bronchitis
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A 7 page paper examining the indications of chronic bronchitis, its main causes, etc; The writer compares it with acute bronchitis and delineates it as a member in the COPD group. The paper also discusses the various research supporting current diagnosis techniques, current treatments, including preventative treatments, and discusses recent treatment research. Treatments for juveniles as well as adults and the elderly are explored. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: Chron.wps

The Discrepancy between Asthma Cases in Minority and White Communities
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This 9 page paper examines asthma and how it manifests differently in different communities. The disease is described. Many authors are cited. Some correlation is made but no definitive causal link is found. Recommendations are made. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: SA615ast.rtf

The Early History of Modern Medicine
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A 6 page research paper that analyzes Dr. Erwin H. Ackerknecht's book Medicine at the Paris Hospital, 1794-1848. This book gives a fascinating account of the development of early modern medicine focusing on the innovative practices that were first pioneered in the early nineteenth century at the Paris Hospital. Ackerknecht demonstrates how the "new" medicine that was being practiced and taught in Paris evolved out of a political and technological revolution. No additional sources listed.
Filename: 99medhis.wps

The Effect of Juvenile Diabetes on a Child’s Life
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This 3 page paper discusses some of the effects diabetes has on the life of a child with the disease. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: HVjdiabt.rtf

THE EFFECT OF WEIGHT LOSS ON WOMEN
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This 9 page paper discusses the research efforts and studies which have been done on the effects of weight loss and gain in women. Numerous studies cited. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: MBobese.rtf

The Effectiveness of Zyban (Bupropion) on Smoking Cessation
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This is a 5 page paper discussing the effectiveness of Zyban on smoking cessation. In the past seven years, several trials have been undertaken to determine the effectiveness of the anti-depressant prescription drug Zyban (bupropion) in regards to smoking cessation. Historically, nicotine-replacement therapies, such as the nicotine patch, have been considered the first line of therapy in smoking cessation. Studies involving Zyban however, a slow-release drug in tablet form and not nicotine-based, have shown that Zyban has been twice as effective at smoking cessation in both short-term and long-term abstinence rates. Zyban is also considered one of the least expensive therapies available in addition to its providing fewer withdrawal side effects. Because of these recent successful trials on Zyban, health care professionals believe that it should be considered as the first line therapy in smoking cessation and it has now been included in the coverage of several health care plans. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TJZyban1.rtf

The Effects of Antibiotics on Bacterial Growth
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A 5 page discussion of bacterial growth in the presence of antibiotics. Examines how bacterial growth is dependent on a number of their physiological mechanisms such as enzymes, proteins, and even the communication of one organism with another in a phenomenon referred to as quorum sensing. Emphasizes that it is critical to continue our quest to understand the specifics of how antibiotics influence bacterial growth. By improving our understanding and concentrating on developing antibiotics which only work on specific intracellular functions of bacteria we have a higher chance of improving the long-term health not only of human populations but also of those populations of plants and animals upon which we depend. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPantibi2.wps

The Effects of Childhood Obesity
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This is a 6 page paper discussing the causes and effects of childhood obesity. The incidence of obesity in the United States has more than doubled in the last thirty years and currently affects 25% of children and 33% of adults. Childhood obesity is a growing concern due to the risks associated with obesity which include serious health problems such as heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, gallbladder disease, stress on weight bearing joints, sleep disorders, respiratory dysfunction and increased risk to certain cancers among others. The incidence of Type II diabetes has been increasing in children believed to be a direct result of the increase in overweight and obese children. In addition to the obvious health risks, obese children are also more susceptible to social and psychological problems which may result in isolation from peer groups and low self-esteem based on society’s preference for thinness. Altering this increasing incidence of childhood may be difficult however as not only do hereditary factors play a part but perhaps more importantly so do behavioral and environmental factors. A great deal of responsibility has been placed on the family environment in changing this trend of increased non-physical activities such as watching television and playing on computers which have led to the decrease in overall physical activity levels in children. Additional societal influences are the promotion of foods with high fat and sugar content in television ads and the promotion of large portions in restaurants; a combination of elements which are difficult for children to overcome. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TJchobs1.rtf

The Effects of Exercise in Middle Aged Women: Literature Review & Possible Study Outline
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This is a 5 page paper discussing the effects of exercise in middle aged women. The paper includes a short literature review and possible outline for a proposed study. Studies investigating the effects of exercise in middle aged women have been positive in their findings. Research has ranged from studying aerobic or non-aerobic exercise in regards to lipid concentrations as well as those which study weight training in regards to overall body fat and body weight among other factors. It would seem that in all cases, middle aged women have shown improvements in regards to overall health from exercise in addition to reducing their risk for heart disease by reducing lipid concentrations, cholesterol levels and blood pressure among other variables. While some studies involves thousands of subjects over many years, most studies involve a relatively small number of subjects, randomly assigned to controlled short-term exercise programs after which the results are compared from pre- and post-measurements. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TJexwom1.rtf

The Effects of Isolation Associated With Radiotherapy
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This 5 page paper looks at the psychological effects of isolation necessary for radiotherapy. Various aspects are discussed inclusive of duration of treatment, gender and skill of the nurses. Emotional reactions to the procedure are explored. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: SA220rad.rtf

The Effects of Zinc Occupancy on Human O6-Alkylguanine-DNA Allkyltranferase
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This 15 page paper provides an overview of the effects of zinc occupancy on human o6-alkylguanine-DNA allkyltranferase. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: MHExpZin.rtf

The Emotional Needs of the Cancer Patient (A Literature Review)
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This 6 page literature review examines the emotional needs of cancer patients. Various aspects are explored inclusive of suggestions for treatment. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: SA220cnr.rtf

The Emotional, Economic and Physical Costs of Cancer
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This 5 page paper looks at various aspects of cancer and how people cope. Economic costs are looked at around the world, and emotions are related to spirituality. The physical aspects of cancer are discussed and medical marijuana and methods of pain treatment are also considered. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA147cnr.rtf

The Factors Affecting Adherence and Non-Adherence to Class-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs
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A 5 page exploration of the benefits provided by classroom-based rehabilitation programs. While some patients willingly pursue rehabilitation classes, however, others refuse to pursue rehabilitation classes and some start such classes but fail to follow through with them once they are started. The factors which enter into such decisions are multifaceted in their nature and range from the individual’s belief as to how those classes may or may not benefit them, time considerations, cost consideration and even socio-demographic factors. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: PPrehabC.rtf

The Genus Chlamydia / Emphasis On Chlamydia Trachomatis
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A 5 page overview of the Chlamydia genus of bacteria with a particular emphasis on Chlamydia trachomatis the organism which is responsible for nongonococcal urethritis, a common sexually transmitted disease. Bibliography lists four sources.
Filename: Chlamy.wps

The Germ Theory Of Disease And Chiropractic Philosophy Regarding Disease: Mutually Exclusive?
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19 pages in length. Examining whether the germ theory of disease and chiropractic philosophy of disease are compatible or contradictory requires one to consider how Eastern medicine was the mainstay for thousands of years before conventional approaches ever came into existence. The relatively recent resurrection of such alternative concepts as chiropractic revisits the fundamental basis of Eastern medicine, whereby the body's capacity to both injure and repair itself often eclipses the oftentimes invasive nature of modern medicine. This is not to discount the validity of germ theory, however, inasmuch as microorganisms are indeed responsible for myriad diseases in addition to those cultivated by a misaligned spine, illustrating how both concepts are correct in their respective manners and are even beginning to work synergistically as a way to complement the beneficial properties each approach brings toward prevention and treatment of disease. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: TLCChiroGerm.rtf

The Good News About Helicobacter pylori
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This 6 page paper provides an overview of this bacterium that has become quite controversial. Just as it is recognized as something that causes ulcers, and should be eradicated, another side of the story comes into play, suggesting that the bacterium can actually do some good. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA 117Hp.doc

The Guinea Worm
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A 4 page discussion of this human parasite. This paper describes the worm’s life cycle, its impact on human beings, and efforts to eradicate it. Bibliography lists five sources.
Filename: PPmedGuineaWorm.rtf

THE HAZARDS OF RITALIN
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This 5-page paper outlines the use of Ritalin for treating children with AD/HD and the potential dangers of such treatment. Such side effects include irritation, aggressiveness, learning disabilities and possible addictions. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: MTrithaz.rtf

The High Incidence of HIV/AIDS among women in Sub-Sahara Africa
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This 39 page literature review examines nine articles related to the spread of AIDs in Africa and pays particular attention to gender specific reach. At the same time, the literature is broad and also encompasses a wide array of material that examines things such as socioeconomic status and media campaigns against AIDS. The primary question explored by this literature review is: "Why is there a high incidence of HIV/AIDS among women in sub-Sahara Africa?" The literature does include a variety of articles that cover several topics. Concepts such as condom use, rape, polygamy, stigma and breast-feeding are included in the discussion. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: SA511HIV.rtf

The History of Medicine in the Nineteenth Century
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This 5 page paper examines the history of medicine during the nineteenth century. Holistic medicine, the advent of vaccines, and new inventions are discussed. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA851med.rtf

The History of Triage: Development in the Military and Use in Civilian Medicine Today
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This is a 5 page paper discussing the history of triage in medicine and its use in the military and civilian health care. Triage, a medical term to mean a sorting or classification of patients based on their levels of medical urgency was first developed as a military term and used in wartime. The French used “triage” to decide who would be taken from the battlefields to be treated and who would be left behind. Soon afterward, from World War II until present day, triage was not only used in Army field hospitals but is also now used in emergency departments to classify the large number of patients who enter each day. Nurses have been involved in the triage process from the beginning and recently the nursing associations have broadened the original three level triage classifications of emergent, urgent and non-urgent, to one of a four level priority system in the United States and one of five level priorities in Australia, Canada and Great Britain. Regardless of the number of levels, triage has become an important and efficient system to evaluate a patient’s urgency as well as analyze the effectiveness of the health care given in emergency departments. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TJtriag1.rtf

The Human Integument (Skin): Structure, Function and Conditions By Which it is Affected
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A 5 page overview of the various components of the integument system and their function. The author explains that the body’s integument consists of a number of components which can be both independently and collectively affected by both internal and external factors. In its healthy state the skin provides a number of incredibly useful functions in the human body. When diseased, genetically predisposed to collapse, or exposed to various external stimuli, however, these functions are modified, significantly changed, or halted altogether. The result is a change from the normal physiologic functions of the skin to abnormal function. These changes can be only minimally important or they can result in debilitation or even death. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPskin.rtf

The Human Liver
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A 5 page description of the human liver. The author describes the liver in detail and delves into its multitude of function and the factors that can affect that function. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPliver.rtf

The Hypothalmic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis & Alternatives To Stress Management
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A 12 page paper discussing physical reactions to stress and alternative therapies available to decrease the physical disorders it causes. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: Pituit.doc

The Impact of Bioterrorism on the Future of Health Care
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This 3 page paper considers the impact of bioterrorism on health care; how we can prevent bioterrorism; and the role of the nurse in bioterrorism. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: HVBioTrr.rtf

The Impact of IMRT on the Radiation Therapist
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This 4 page paper looks at Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and its impact on the therapists who use the technology. How incorporating the new technology affects the job is the focus of the paper. However, specific information is relayed on the use of IMRT. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA323IMR.rtf

The Impact of Nutrition on Breast Cancer and Cervical Cancer
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A 5 page emphasis on the importance of nutrition in decreasing one's propensity for contracting these potentially fatal conditions. The literature suggests that even such potentially fatal diseases as cancer can be impacted by choices to which we subject our bodies. Our propensity to be stricken with breast cancer and cervical cancer, for example, are believed to be associated in part with very specific lifestyle choices. Each of these conditions is related to cellular reproduction and each can have direct ties to nutrition. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPnutCnc.rtf

The Impact of Oral Care Frequency on the Incidences of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in the ICU Setting: A Review of Literature
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This 9 page paper provides an overview of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) and the impacts that improved oral care can have in reducing this disease. Bibliography lists 18 sources.
Filename: MHVenPne.rtf

The Impacts of Diabetes on Native Americans
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An 8 page overview of the problem of diabetes among Native American populations. The author provides statistics delineating the extent of this problem and suggests areas of intervention for medical personnel as well as social workers. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: PPnaDiab.rtf

The Impacts of Second Hand Smoke to Lung Function in Children: A Proposed Study
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A 21 page overview of the impacts of second hand smoke in pulmonary function. Contends that secondary smoke can be linked to such a diversity of pulmonary conditions as lung cancer, asthma, and respiratory infection from a variety of viruses and bacteria. Suggests that children in particular are susceptible to this impact. Suggests an experimental design to better quantify those problems utilizing a sample base of patients already hospitalized in pediatric wards for both pulmonary and non-pulmonary complaints. Provides sample surveys designed to be administered to children age eleven to fifteen and their parents to identify the degree of environmental smoke in the home. Relies on the utilization of salivary testing for cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, to further quantify the degree of smoking which an individual is exposed to in the home. Suggests that coupling this information with pulmonary function testing which has already occurred in the clinical situation would provide a ready, cost-effective, means of quantifying the impact of secondary smoke on pulmonary function.
Filename: PPsmoke2.wps

The Importance of AIDS Research
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This 8 page paper examines the history of AIDS and AIDS research. It is argued that more research needs to be done or more people will die. The concept of the AIDS vaccine is explored. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA639AID.rtf

The Importance of Treatment of ADHD in Children in Regards to Lessening the Likelihood of Future Criminal Behavior and Substance Abuse
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This is a 7 page paper discussing the importance of early intervention and treatment consisting of medication and therapy in children with ADHD. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects an estimated 3-7% of school children and overall it has been estimated that in the U.S. alone, 8 to 15 million Americans suffer from ADD. ADHD in children is described by physician Stephen J. Gislason as a term which refers to “restless, distractible children who have a knack for disrupting order at home and at school” who are prone to “poor impulse control, often display abrupt mood swings, have inappropriate anger, and sometimes are violent”. While children who have ADHD may suffer from inattention or poor memory, most have “average or above intelligence”. In many cases, children who have ADHD may improve with age but just as many children are considered “permanently handicapped by a combination of poor achievement, low self-esteem, antisocial behavior, and persisting problems of disorganized psychic energy” and it is considered “likely that juvenile delinquency and, later, criminal adaptations and often substance abuse are linked to the ADHD complex. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TJADHDc1.rtf

The Kidneys and Renal Failure
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This 4 page paper discusses the kidneys and renal failure; nursing assessment of such patients, including lab results and patient interaction; types of dialysis and finally, transplant. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: HVKidRen.rtf

THE LACK OF CONNECTION BETWEEN HIV AND AIDS
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This 11-page paper explores the connection between HIV and AIDS, determining that there is little, if any connection. Also discussed are the definitions of both diseases. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: MThivaids.rtf

The Link Between Cardiovascular Reactivity and Stress in Cardiovascular Disease
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A 5 page review of the relationship between various physiologic and environmental stressors and heart disease. The author defines stress, stressor and describes the various parameters used to assess cardiovascular reactivity. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPhrtRea.rtf

The Link Between Ionizing Radiation And Leukemia :
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A 14 page paper. This research paper discusses the following topics: the types and incidence of leukemia; the symptoms, diagnosis and etiology of leukemia; what ionizing radiation is and what levels are believed to be safe; and comprehensive studies of workers in nuclear facilities and their children. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: PGleukra.wps