Issues in Native America: Land, Sovereignty, and Individual Independence
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A 5 page summary of the problems that have confronted Native Americans in their relations with the U.S. government. The author explores these issues and discusses their varying depiction in Native, mainstream, and scholarly publications. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPnaPol2.rtf

Jane Tomkin/"Indians"
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A 5 page reaction paper to an essay by Jane Tomkin entitled "Indians." The writer answers questions about the essay, which deal with epistemology of historical scholarship and what it says about European colonial relations with American Indians. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khjtom.rtf

Jean-Jacque Rousseau (1712-1778)
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(8 pp) Rousseau was a mental explorer - not a very happy one, but like all good philosophers he did take a stand at trying to figure why certain things were as they were. He still looked for truth and beauty, but never seemed to be able to see it in himself. Themes of freedom and citizenship are discussed in terms of Rouseau's Basic Political writings including The Discourses on the Sciences and the Arts, the Inequality of Man, as well as On the Social Contract.
Filename: BBrousso

Jerry Mander/The Indian Worldview
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A 4 page essay that summarizes and discusses a chapter from Jerry Mander’s 1991 text In the Absence of the Sacred, which is entitled “Indians are different from Americans.” In this chapter, Mander argues that the worldview of the native or aboriginal peoples of the world—that is, the so-called “Indians,” which is basically a misnomer coined by a lost European—is fundamentally different from the worldview of mainstream culture in industrialized Western society. The discussion of this chapter summarizes Mander’s principal points in making this argument. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khmander.rtf

John Collier and Native American Policy
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A 4 page paper which examines what Indian policy was like before and after John Collier. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: RAcollna.rtf

Joy Harjo/She Had Some Horses
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A 5 page essay that analyzes "She Had Some Horses," a poem by Native American poet Joy Harjo. The writer argues that Harjo uses imagery and symbolism to convey the frustration and violence that this "she" suffers, not only from society, but also from unnamed males who also suffer, and who look to her for a salvation that she cannot provide. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khharjo.rtf

Kennewick Man
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This 8 page paper discusses the discovery of Kennewick Man and the legal controversy over the disposition of the remains. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: HVKenwck.rtf

Key Events in Native American/White Interaction: Three Failed Approaches to Maintaining the Cultural Integrity of Native America
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A 9 page examination of three critical approaches in Native American/White interaction: the approaches of Pontiac, Tecumseh, and Handsome Lake. This paper contends that despite varied and valiant efforts at maintaining their cultural integrity, each of these approaches failed in the face of the overwhelming tide of white's who flooded the country and continually demanded more and more from its peoples and resources. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPnaEvnt.rtf

Klinkenborg’s “Sand Creek”
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A 3 page reaction essay to “Sand Creek,” by Verlyn Klinkenborg, in which she presents a powerful summation of the events that made Sand Creek, Colorado a historical site. Analysis of Klinkenborg’s use of rhetorical devices demonstrates how the emotional impact of the essay was developed. No additional sources cited and the bibliography citation is incomplete.
Filename: khklsc.rtf

Kupuna and the Hawaiian Culture
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A 3 page paper that examines the Kupuna and Hawaiian culture/history. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: RAhaau.rtf

Law and Government in Precontact Native America
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A 4 page discussion of dichotomy that existed between precontact law and government in Native America and law and government as it was viewed by Europeans. The author contrasts natural law and legal positivism. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPnaLaw.rtf

Lemon Balm Salve
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A 3 page description of the steps that are required for making a healing salve. The salve described uses lemon balm, olive oil, and pure beeswax. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: PPnaturesWeeds.rtf

Leonard Peltier
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A 4 page biography that looks at the life of Leonard Peltier, Native American activists who has been held unjustly imprisoned by the US justice system for over twenty-five years. The writer gives the details of his life and imprisonment, as well as this philanthropic work from within prison. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: khlpelt.rtf

Lesley: "River Song"
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This 3 page paper discusses the relationship between Danny and Jack in Craig Lesley's book "River Song." Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: HVRivSng.rtf

Leslie M. Silko/Ceremony's Structure
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A 3 page essay that analyzes Silko's novel Ceremony, which draws directly from Native American culture and myth. As such, the structure of the novel departs from the standard European-derived paradigm, as Silko grounds her narrative within Pueblo oral tradition. the writer discusses the various aspects of the novel that accomplish this purpose. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khsilko2.rtf

Leslie Silko/Ceremony & Symbolism
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A 3 page essay that discusses Leslie Marmon Silko's Ceremony, which is a novel that draws its meaning from symbolism that is grounded in the Pueblo Indian tradition and the culture of these Native Americans. A deeply psychological novel, it can be addressed on a number of layers of meaning, but it basically concerns the post-traumatic stress disorder experienced by its Native American protagonist, Tayo, who has just returned from World War II and the symbolic ceremony that he undertakes in order to be healed. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khcersym.rtf

Light People & Spider Women
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A 7 page book review that addresses Gordon Henry Jr.'s Light People and Paula G. Allen's short story collection Spider Woman's Granddaughters. These works represent literature written in the traditions of Native America. While distinctly different, examination of these two texts reveals that they share commonality that speaks eloquently of the richness and diversity of Native American culture. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khlpsw.rtf

Louise Erdrich/Storytelling in Tracks
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A 5 page research paper and analysis of Louise Erdrich's novel Tracks. The writer discusses the role that Chippewa culture plays this novel and argues that it is the cultural "glue" that provides support for members of the tribe, both as individuals and as a group. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: kherdtra.rtf

Louise Erdrich: “The Red Convertible”
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This 3 page paper discusses Louise Erdrich and her story “The Red Convertible,” and the way her background influenced her when she wrote the story. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: HVLouErd.rtf

Louise Erdrich: ”Fleur"
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This 3 page paper analyzes Louise Erdrich's short story "Fleur." Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: HVErdrch.rtf

Mary Rowlandson and Anglo-Indian Conflict
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A 5 page paper that supports the belief that "Anglo-Indian conflict resulted from vast cultural differences separating Indian and Anglo societies." This notion is supported by Mary Rowlandson's "The Sovereignty and Goodness of God" and demonstrates the way in which religion played a role in the cultural differences that divided these societies. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Rowland.wps

Mato Tilpali: Conflict in the Black Hills
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A 5 page overview of the conflict that has arisen in trying to meet the multi-use designation of this national monument. This paper is written from the perspective of a Native American stakeholder who contends that the Lakota Nation should have control of this region. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPnaMultiUse.rtf

Medical Application of the Internet
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A 5 page contention that public health is both impacted and addressed by a number of technological advancements. Indeed, often the effectiveness of the health care industry hinges on its ability to accept and incorporate new technologies into its fabric. One of these advancements is the Internet. Emphasizes that the Internet is becoming a greater and greater presence in the issues of public health both as a vehicle for information and as a vehicle for accessing some of the most remote areas of the world in order to effect improved health care. Utilizes numerous examples of possible application of the Internet to the public health issues found on Native American Reservations and other remote locations. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPinterH.wps

Michael Mann's Movie Adaptation Of "The Last Of The Mohicans"
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5 pages in length. The 1992 movie version of James Fenimore Cooper's "The Last of the Mohicans" was directed by Michael Mann and starred Daniel Day-Lewis, Madeleine Stowe, Steven Waddington, Russell Means and Eric Schweig. As an epic about human conflict, the movie addresses all the necessary elements of social, political and spiritual concern required for such a production; however, the grandiose spectacle of Hollywood film making abilities cannot mask the stereotypical Native American imagery blatantly portrayed in this movie. No additional sources cited.
Filename: TLCMmann.wps

Military Campaigns Against Plains Indians: Indian Scouts and Little Big Horn
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A 4 page overview of the military campaign that ended in catastrophe at Little Big Horn. Custer's troops were not exclusively white. There were, in fact, thirty-three Crow Indians that served as scouts under Custer. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPnaClv.rtf

Momaday and Alexie: Writers who connect
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(5 pp). N. Scott Momaday and Sherman Alexie are Native American writers who "connect" with those they love. For Momaday it is the love of land - that unique place where one is born, that is both defining and healing. For Alexie it is the love of self and others as they really are - that same intense love which can be viewed as anger, if one is not aware of the passion involved or the connection of the two. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BBmomalx.doc

Momaday and Alexie: Variations in the Ways Native American Authors Depict Their Culture
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A 3 page discussion of the differences in the way Sherman Alexie and N. Scott Momaday depict Native American culture. This paper asserts that they aren’t sending different messages to different audiences. The audience is the same and the threats are the same. They just choose to illustrate those threats differently. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPnalitalexiemomaday.rtf

Momaday: Spiritual Perspectives
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A 5 page paper which examines the position of Native American author Natachee Scott Momaday which argues that Native Americans have a special understanding of how things, material and living, have a deep connection and how non Natives can benefit from that knowledge. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAmomdy.rtf

Morbidity, Mortality, and Native Americans
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This 5 page report discusses modern Native Americans in the United States and the unique health concerns with which they must deal. Certain diseases and conditions are known to affect the Native American population with more frequency and/or severity than other populations, notably diabetes, heart disease, and alcoholism. It is important for Native Americans to be informed and educated on these issues so that they may better understand how these disease processes may alter or impact their lives. It is also important that policy makers and elected officials understand the unique concerns of the Native American populations of the U.S. and address those problems with adequate financial, material, and human resources. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BWnative.

Mortuary Practices of the Cherokee Indians
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A 7 page discussion of the manner in which mortuary practices of the Cherokee have changed over time. Compares and contrasts post-contact practices with those that existed prior to contact with European cultures, noting grave good associations, burial types, and gender differences. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPnaMort.rtf

My Navajo Identity: A Description Utilizing Sociological Concepts
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A 7 page outline of the factors that shape one student's identity. Her Native American culture interrelates with all aspects of her life. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPnaNvID.rtf

Native American & Euro-American Values
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A 3 page research paper that contrasts and compares Native American values with European-descended American values. The writer focuses, in particular, on the manner in which these two groups differ in regards to the way they perceive land. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: khnaea.rtf

Native American & Slave Resistance
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A 3 page essay that discusses the ways in Native Americans and slaves resisted domination. Rationalization for the history of white supremacy in North America has rested largely on the idea that white dominance was for the "good" of suppressed peoples. Early English settlers proposed that they were bringing Christianity and "civilization" to Native Americans. Southern slave-owners liked to picture themselves as good Christians who "rescued" blacks from African savagery. From the inception of white dominance, the behavior of these oppressed groups illuminated the lies of rationalization through their multiple acts of resistance. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: khnasr.rtf

Native American Acculturation & How it Affects Educational Achievement
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A 9 page exploration of cultural obstacles which face many Native Americans on their moving from the reservations into the dominant white culture and how these obstacles influence educational performance. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Natived.wps

Native American Beliefs: Iroquois and Hopi
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A 6 page paper which examines the beliefs of the Iroquois and the Hopi Native American tribes. Physical environment and beliefs is the focus of the paper. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAirhop.rtf

Native American Casinos: An Interesting Impact on the U.S, Economic System
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A 4 page consideration of the economic impacts of Native American gambling casinos. Using the example of the Mississippi Choctaw the author illustrates that not only have the Choctaw prospered from their casino, so has the U.S. economic system. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPnaCas2.rtf

Native American Communication
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An 8 page paper discussing Native Americans' communication through songs, dance, art, clothing, hair styles, face paintings, totems" and other means. Drum calls and smoke signals also were used by Plains groups, where there were no forests to obscure sight and the travel of sound. A few of the methods of communications among Native American groups are clothing, divination, drums, dance and oral histories, which are discussed in this paper. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: KSindianComm.rtf

Native American Influences on Modern American Culture
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This 3 page paper looks at some of the influences that the Native American practices and culture have had on the development of modern American culture. Influences discussed include ecology, spirituality, food, arts, and language and place names. The bibliography cites 4 sources.
Filename: TEUSnativcul.rtf

Native American Involvement and Effectiveness in the Treaty Making Process
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A 7 page discussion of the degree of involvement of Native Americans in the drafting and implementation of treaties. Contends that even those groups who played the largest role in the treaty making process were essentially ineffective in terms of avoiding the final deleterious impact to the people and their land which so characterized Native verses non-Native interaction. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPnaTrty.wps

Native American Languages: Diversity, Cultural Relativity, and the Need for Perpetuation
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A 4 page discussion of the importance of Native American languages. This paper reviews the article by William L. Leap titled "American Indian Languages". Emphasis is placed on Leap's points about the intimacy which exists between language and culture. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPnaLng.rtf

Native American Leadership and the Struggle to Preserve Political and Cultural Autonomy: Pontiac, Tecumseh and Handsome Lake
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A 6 page overview of the different Native American approaches launched in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in response to white invasion into Indian lands. The author emphasizes the contrast which existed between these three great leaders. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPnaLead.rtf

Native American Marriage Customs
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5 pages in length. Native American culture revolves around spirituality and religion; therefore, it is not surprising to find that their strong religious beliefs had a great influence upon how their social structure – inclusive of marriage customs – were established. Bibliography lists 5 sources. The writer discusses past and present Native American marriage customs.
Filename: TLCcstom.wps

Native American Oral Tradition
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A 7 page research paper/essay that offers a close reading of a passage from Polingaysi Qoyawayma's autobiography No Turning Back. The writer discusses a quoted passage in detail and discusses it, drawing on a secondary source. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: khpolqoy.rtf

Native American Oral Tradition: Parallels in the Literature
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A 5 page analysis of Gerald Vizenor's ““Word War in the Word Wards” (a chapter in “Bearheart the Heirship Chronicles”) and “An Insatiable Emptiness” by Evelyn Lau. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPnaBearheartBulimia.rtf

Native American Plight as Revealed Through Helen Hunt Jackson’s “Ramona”
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A 5 page review of this fictional novel by one of the most notable American authors of the nineteenth century. This paper reviews the issues surrounding Native American land and their relationship with the United States government which grounded Jackson’s novel. Where Jackson failed to raise attention to the plight of the Native American with the factual “Century of Dishonor”, she succeeded in the fictional love story “Ramona”. The novel is, in fact, an outstanding example of the use of fiction to effect political change. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPramona.rtf