Native Indian Life & Survival During the Early Colonial Era
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A 3 page article review in which the writer examines an author's discussion of the White men who first came to America and failed miserably at imitating Native Indian lifestyles and wound up dying from cold winters, malnutrition, etc;-- Simply because they tried to do things their "own way"-- and not follow the example of those who had already lived there successfully for so many centuries. Although the article itself is no longer available, the essay provides excellent analysis and makes for worthwhile reading on the subject. No Bibliography.
Filename: Natives.wps

Native Indian Poetry 'Vision' / Importance Of The Rainbow
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A 1 page expletive essay on the poem The Vision. The author writes about their feelings of what the poem means and is trying to explain.
Filename: Vision.wps

Native Poetic Works
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A 5 page paper which examines poems of Otto Rene Castillo and poetic literature in “The Names: A Memoir” by N. Scott Momaday. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: RAotnt.rtf

Nature Versus Industrialization
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A 5 page paper which examines nature versus industrialization seen in the following works: “Ghost Dance Songs,” “Blue Winds Dancing” by Thomas S. Whitecloud, and “Why I Am a Pagan” by Gertrude Bonnin. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAwhna.rtf

Navajo Code Talkers
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A 4 page overview of the now infamous Navajo Code and the people that created it. This paper reviews the history and the accomplishments of the Navajo Code Talkers. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPnaCode.rtf

Navajo Gaming
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A 4 page paper which examines the recent Navajo gaming/casino decision in ChurchRock, NM. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RAnavjg.rtf

Navajo Rugs: A Consideration of Cultural Change on Design and Material
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A 7 page discussion of the changes in rug making design and material which have occurred over time among the Navajo (Dine') people. Provides a brief cultural background of these people and traces the developments which led to the incorporation of new materials and designs in their rugs. Concludes that wool quality is the single most important clue as to the date of rug manufacture. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPnaRugs.wps

Negative Ramifications of the Canadian Indian Act
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A 9 page overview of the history and impacts of the Canadian Indian Act. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPcanindianact.rtf

New Testament & Colonialism
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A 3 page research paper that examines how the Puritans' interpretation of the New Testament influence early American colonialism and the castigation of Native Americans as "other." Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: khntcol.rtf

New Zealand: Trouble in Paradise?
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A 3 page discussion of the problems New Zealand has encountered in balancing the needs of all of her people. The indigenous peoples of New Zealand, in particular, represent a multitude of issues that must be addressed. The author of this paper emphasizes that New Zealand is certainly not without her problems but then no paradise truly is. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPnewZe2.rtf

Northwest Native Americans
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A 5 page paper discussing change in historical perspective regarding the fate of Native Americans in the Pacific Northwest, specifically the Kalapuya. History, of course, quite often chose to ignore any follow-up to the many treaties that were signed throughout the 19th century. The facts may have ceased to exist on the white side, for it would not be conducive to career advancement to assume responsibility for Indian ire and Indians generally carried little if any standing. Change in historical perspective may be nothing more than inclusion of all of the truth. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KSindiansNW.rtf

Nuclear Colonialism And Environmental Racism
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5 pages in length. In a perfect world, all entities, every race and each person would be represented in the same fair light. However, this is not a perfect world, and people of various races and origins are not given the same fair treatment in virtually every aspect of social, economic, political and racial representation. Historically, the terms "nuclear colonialism" and "environmental racism" have functioned to condemn certain peoples and regions to a cycle of exploitation, an accusation that can be wholly supported by contemporary perpetuation of this ethnic torment. Technological progress has brought significant advancement to mankind in the way of myriad life-altering improvements, however, in order to reap these benefits untold minority populations continue to pay the price with their homelands and their lives. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TLCenvrc.wps

One Drop Rule And Blood Quantum Policy: Race Classification
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4 pages in length. One's heritage is an integral component to how one's entire life is approached; with tenets of the Irish, Chinese, American and every culture in between easily recognized by those outside of that particular population, one can readily surmise that heritage is the very embodiment of an individual. However, there are those whose heritage are not as cut and dried as, for example, a Scotsman or Brit, inasmuch as the family bloodline has been 'tainted' with an interracial presence. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLC1drop.rtf

Patterns of Indian-European Interaction
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A 7 page assessment of the contention “For both (European and Native Americans) survival and the enhancement of their own culture were the paramount objective” made by author Gary Nash in “Red, White, and Black: The Peoples of Early North America”. This paper illustrates the interaction between Native Americans and the French, Dutch, Spanish, and English to conclude that while there were certain differences in the manner in which each of these groups dealt with the Native Americans, the common goal was the decimation of the Native culture as a whole. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPnaCnvr.rtf

Perceptions of the American West and Frontier in Regards to Cultural Perspective and Historical Method
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This is a 7 page paper discussing perceptions of the American west and frontier. Perception of historical documentation is presented and argued regarding two aspects. Firstly, whether or not cultural perspective should be included in historical accounts such as argued by Jane Tompkins or whether or not cultural beliefs, and indeed the perspective of the Native Americans, should be ignored in regards to the documentation of history and history should just relate to the major chronological events as postulated by Frederick Jackson Turner. Secondly, contemporary historians such as Patricia Limerick and Eric Gary Anderson have changed the sequential historical paradigms used by Turneresque historians and instead used the writings of N. Scott Momaday and Leslie Silko among others to develop models of the Southwest which overlap and intersect different multicultural components found in order to provide nonsequential paradigms where time, space, frontiers, and crossings are boundless and in addition provide present and future existences which show the Euro-American “conquering” and influence on the West as only a small “blip” in regards to overall perception. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: TJAwest1.rtf

Perdue/Slavery & the Cherokees
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A 5 page research paper that examines how slavery evolved as a facet of Cherokee society. Principally, the writer concentrates on the work of Theda Perdue, who argues in her text Slavery and the Evolution of Cherokee Society that the adoption of European-style slavery of Africans evolved from the Cherokee reaction to the social change engendered by European colonization. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: khperche.rtf

Politics Of The Nation-State & The Indigenous People Of Australia
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An 11 page paper that considers the extent to which the book From Time Immemorial: Indigenous Peoples and State Systems by R. Perry addresses the relationship between the nation-state and the aboriginal communities of Australia, and provides specific examples to round out Perry's limited perspective. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Austin~1.wps
Filename: Austin~1.wps

Politics, Religion & Native American Identity
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A 5 page paper that explores and examines the theme of the reconciliation of the heritage of Native American politics and religion with that of the heritage of the politics and religion of European colonization in twentieth century literature. Discussed and compared are John Neihardt's 1932 publication of Black Elk Speaks: Being the Life Story of a Holy Man of the Oglala Sioux, Scott Momaday's 1969 publication of The Way to Rainy Mountain, and Michael Dorris' and Louise Erdrich's 1991 publication of The Crown of Columbus. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: LCNative.doc

Poverty and Canada’s First Nations
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A 6 page consideration of the question of whether these peoples historic relations with the Canadian government are related to the problems of chronic poverty that currently engulf them. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPnaCanPoverty.rtf

Pow Wow Paiute Style!
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A 5 page description of the North American Pow Wow. The author recounts memories from a pow wow on the Bib Pine Reservation in California. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: PPnaPwWw.rtf

Powerful Women in Rudolf Anaya’s “Bless Me Ultima” and Louise Erdrich’s “Tracks”
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A 5 page discussion of the influence wielded by Erdrich’s Fleur and Anaya’s Ultima on the rest of their culture. The question is addressed as to whether these women’s power sustains the culture or contributes to its demise. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPltTrks.rtf

Problems Facing Native American Nations
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An 8 page review of the many problems confronting these indigenous peoples. This paper discusses fighting disease, poverty, dissolution of the nuclear family unit, and the many outside demands on their lands and waters, but emphasizes there is hope with a greater focus on self-government. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPnaChanges.rtf

Pueblo Pottery
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12 pages in length. Authentic artistry is a fast-fading tradition. In today's hurried global society, the faster one can produce a piece, the sooner financial gain will be realized. When one contemplates the fundamental essence of Pueblo pottery, however, one is quick to note the tenuous association between money and clayware; rather, the very reason why Pueblo pottery is still produced in its authentic way is to perpetuate thousands of years of Native American social, economic, religious, cultural and political reflection. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: TLCPotry.rtf

Quanah Parker
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A 4 page overview of the man and his accomplishments. This paper contends that Quanah's innate knowledge of the white man's world served primarily to the benefit of the Comanche people. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: PPnaQuanah.rtf

Questions on Welsh's Fools Crow
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A 5 page paper that addresses aspect of James Welch's novel Fools Crow. In the latter half of the nineteenth century, a way of life was coming to a close for North America's Native American population. The imposition of European culture and the massive migration of whites westward rationalized the conquest of the continent. James Welch's novel Fools Crow depicts life in the Blackfeet tribe both prior to and during this period of rapid cultural change. This fictional work draws on historical fact so the narrative, in many ways represents a window into what this period of history was like for this culture. This report examines specific aspects of the novel. Topics covered include use of descriptive language, significant of dreams and spirituality, Blackfeet gender roles and reaction to the novel's ending. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khblkfet.rtf

Rabbit Boss: A View of Ritual and the Notion of the Savage
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of the book Rabbit Boss by Thomas Sanchez and compares and contrasts the anesthetic sense of ritual with the notion of the savage and savage acts experienced by the Washo and the migrating settlers. No additional sources cited.
Filename: MHRabbit.wps

Race Considerations in Gilbert Arizona: Native Americans
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An 8 page overview of race relations in Gilbert Arizona between the mainstream white population and the Native American population. The author presents the thesis that these relations are more characterized by misunderstandings and false expectations than by acceptance of Native Americans for what they truly represent in today's world. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPnaGilbertAz.rtf

Racial Issues
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This 8 page paper discusses some of the racial issues, both historical and contemporary, in America. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: HVRacIss.rtf

Racism in America
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This 5 page paper compares and contrasts two books on similar subjects. John Dower's War Without Mercy and Richard Drinnon's Facing West are discussed. The subject is racism by Americans and the books are about racism against the Japanese during World War II and racism against Indians, respectively. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA115rac.wps

Reaction To Colonizing And The Attempt To Conquer And Control Native Peoples
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9 pages in length. The French ethnohistorian Nathan Wachtel has spoken of the "Vision of the Vanquished" in context of American Indians and their reaction to outsiders and the European attempt to conquer and control native peoples. The ways in which certain texts engage the question of native response to conquest and colonization mirror myriad populations that have had to endure similar subjugation. Historically, the degree of resistance, along with the challenge's effectiveness to outside authority, has not worked in the natives' favor, ultimately hastening a strong dislike for those who choose to colonize on land that is already occupied by native peoples. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: TLCamnat.wps

Reintroduction of the Gray Wolf
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This 8 page paper examines how gray wolves became endangered in the first place, what is being done to help them recover and the part Native Americans play in the recovery. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: HVGryWlf.rtf

Relationship with Native Nations and Native Peoples
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A 5 page paper which examines the unique position of Native Nations and Native peoples in the United States. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RAnae.rtf

Religion as a Coping Mechanism: The Cherokee Indians, Religion, and the Trail of Tears
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A 15 page discussion of the problems which confronted the Cherokee people during the turbulent years leading up to the Trail of Tears. This paper suggests that while many Cherokee had converted to Christianity, their native religion undoubtedly continued to serve an important role in Cherokee culture and the way they coped with the growing white tide of those that would eventually force them from their homelands at gun point. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: PPnaCRlg.rtf

Removal of Children from the Parental Home: A Comparison of Policies for Seriously Violent Juveniles vs Nineteenth Century Native American Children
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A 4 page consideration of the question of whether these two policies have any inherent similarities. After outlining the reasoning behind these two distinct actions, this paper contends that these policies are similar only on the surface. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPcrmJuvFoster.rtf

REMOVAL OF NATIVE AMERICANS FROM THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
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This 8 page paper discusses the history of the Trail of Tears in regard to the Chicasaw and Choctaw Nations. History, brief overview, conclusions drawn. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: MBnatammiss.rtf

Richard White's 'The Roots of Dependency'
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A 5 page paper that provides an overview of the life and work of White and reflects on the major themes in his The Roots of Dependency. White's book essentially discusses the subsistence, environment and social change among Native American tribes in his work The Roots of Dependency. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: Whitero.wps

Role of Native Americans
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A 5 page research paper that summarizes the political, social and economic roles that Natives Americans have played in both colonial and modern times in North and South America. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khrolnat.rtf

Romanticism and Realism in Galdos' Historical Fiction
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A 15 page paper looking at the Episodios Nacionales series by Spanish author Benito Perez Galdos. The paper specifically analyzes Perez Galdos' use of romantic and realist techniques, and concludes he has found the perfect balance to express the Spanish character. Bibliography lists eleven sources.
Filename: KBgaldo2.wps

Shamanism
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A 10 page paper which examines various texts/novels as it relates to the importance of the ancient ways of shamanism and healing in restoring cultures. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RAshuu.rtf

SHERMAN ALEXIE
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This 6 page paper discusses the life and works of Sherman Alexie. Works specifically discussed include Indian Killer, Reservation Blues, and I would Steal Horses. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: MBalexie.rtf

Sherman Alexie and Gish Jen: Dealing with Prejudice
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This 3 page paper discusses the ways in which these authors try to cope with prejudice, using Alexie's story "Class" and Jen's story "Who's Irish?" for reference. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: HVAlexJe.rtf

Significance of the Circle: Native American Ceremonies
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A 3 page paper which examines the significance of the circle in Native American ceremonies as it involves identity and an understanding of one’s world. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAidntam.rtf

Silko/Environment & Self-Awareness
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A 6 page essay that discusses how in her complex novel Ceremony, Leslie Marmon Silko presents a conceptualization of the Native American process of individualization has being grounded in an acute awareness of humanity's interconnectedness with the environment. The narrative features a protagonist, Tayo, who has been traumatized by his combat experience during World War II. Throughout the novel, Silko focuses on the disconnect that Tayo has experienced between himself and "his mother," which, according to Native American belief, is the Earth itself. In order to become whole once again, Tayo must reconnect with the Earth, as this is the relationship that is primarily responsible for determining how an individual not only relates to the world, but finds definition and identity. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khscsaen.rtf

Sitting Bull: A Profile of a Lakota Leader
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A 4 page overview of the life of Tatanka-Iyotanka, a Lakota man who would become known by the English name of Sitting Bull. Born in 1834, Sitting Bull ultimately became one of the most influential leaders of the Lakota Sioux. He led the Lakota as they attempted to outmaneuver their most formidable enemy, the great flood of whites that had invaded their country. Sitting Bull was much more than a formidable opponent on the battlefield, however, he was also a holy man and a skilled negotiator. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PPnaSit2.rtf

Socio-political Order of Native America: Relationship Between the Individual and the Community
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A 3 page overview of the importance of the relationship between individual and community as it existed among traditional Native American groups. Using the Iroquois as an example, the author contends that traditional Native American culture incorporated a complex socio-political order and emphasized the relationship between the individual and the community in many ways that could even be considered superior to European culture. Sometimes that organization and interrelationship even influenced European culture, and ultimately the United States itself, in quite dramatic ways. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPnaDemo.rtf