Spinoza's Notion Of God & The Link Between God And Nature
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This 7 page paper considers Spinoza's perspectives on the notion of God and the existence of God in defining an understanding of man's existence in nature. This paper also considers the arguments of Spinoza as they are in direct conflict with the perspectives of Descartes and considers the presentation of this argument by Spinoza as a challenge against Descartes primary Cartesian premise. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Spinoza.wps

Can God Guarantee Eternal Happiness?
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10 page comprehensive philosophical essay on God and Free Will. The theories of Kierkegaard, Hume, and many others are critically examined. No Bibliography. God&fre.wps
Filename: God&fre.wps

David Hume On Miracles
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A 12 page paper that considers Hume's arguments about miracles and the importance of his findings on the essence of religious thought. This paper demonstrates that Hume's argument not only suggests that there is no way of proving the testimony of miracles, but that this also brings into question the existence of God. Bibliography with 6 sources.
Filename: Miracles.wps

Descartes / First Meditation
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A 5 page essay on the meditation of philosophy by Descartes. The author analyzes the arguments for Descartes belief in universal doubt and the existence of God.
Filename: Desmed.rtf

Descartes' Third Meditation
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A 5 page comprehensive analysis of Descartes' third meditation in which the philosopher affirms that he is a thinking being who doubts and affirms, denies and knows. From this foundation, Descartes presents and evaluates arguments concerning God's existence. No Bibliography.
Filename: Descart2.wps

Enlightened Theology - Merging the Science of Reason With the Spirit of Religion
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A 5 page paper that examines the integration of the sciences of philosophical thinking and theological belief beginning with the Age of Enlightenment in the eighteenth century. The progression of this integration is traced across the nineteenth century and through the 1960s racial tensions of the twentieth century. Included are the philosophies of Jonathan Edwards, Ralph Waldo Emerson, William James, W.E.B. DuBois, Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: LCSpirit.doc

David Hume and Whether or Not an Understanding of Morality Comes from God
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This 5 page report discusses Scottish philosopher David Hume’s idea that morality is based on the concept of sympathy, which he views as the basis of interaction between people and the wellspring of human happiness. He then defines morality as the qualities that are approved in whomever they happen to appear and by virtually everybody else. Hume also held that the concept of right and wrong is not rational but arises from a regard for one’s own happiness, not from religious constraint or belief in God. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: BWhumarg.wps

David Hume's Views on Reason & Sentiment in Moral Judgment
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This 9 page research paper examines British philosopher David Hume's impressions on the roles of reason and sentiment in making moral judgments. Specifically considered will be an assessment of Hume's conclusion that morality is a concept more properly felt than judged. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Humejudg.wps

Descartes v. Hume
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A 5 page paper that explores Descartes' linear deductive reasoning versus Hume's composite theories based on cause and effect with regard to human nature. The writer argues that Descartes view was based on reasoning and his view is undermined by Hume's causation. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: Deschume.wps

Descartes Metaphysics and Armstrong's Argument
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This 5 page paper considers the metaphysics of Descartes outlined in his Meditations and the arguments of David Armstrong, which voice opposition to the views of Descartes. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MHdesca3.wps

Descartes, Skeptical Challenge, an Argument
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In 5 pages, the author presents Descartes' skeptical challenge in the form of an argument using 'Descartes Meditation.' Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: PCdes.doc

I Sleep, Therefore I Dream - An Ethereal Encounter Between Hume & Descartes
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A 5 page paper that presents a hypothetical scenario in which the philosophers David Hume and Rene Descartes meet and debate their very differing philosophical views. This hypothetical conversation and debate is focused on the beliefs Descartes presents in his first three Meditations and the views expressed in Hume's Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: LCDream.doc

Negative Consequences of Renι Descartes' Mind-Body Dualism For Scientific Psychology
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A 2 page paper which examines how the mind-body dualism of Renι Descartes had a negative consequence for scientific psychology, yet had positive consequences from religious and moral perspectives. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: TGdesdua.wps

Both Sides of the Creationism Argument
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5 pages in length. There has been a longstanding argument as to whether creationism or evolution should be taught in schools. Is creationism a science or not? This paper discusses the thoughts behind both sides. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: JGAcreat.wps

W.V.O. Quine and Philip Kitcher: Interdependence of Belief and Creationism versus Evolution
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This 5 page report discusses the ideas of two contemporary philosophical writers regarding the interdependence of beliefs and how it is applicable to the debate that rages on regarding creationism versus evolution. Belief is repeatedly shown to be based on various constructs such as faith and hope where there is no ostensibly “logical” proof for holding that belief. However, the same may also be said regarding “belief” in science. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: BWkitchr.wps

Who Should Survive
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7 pages. In this hypothetical scenario we have one lifeboat left with room for only seven people, but there are eleven to be saved. Among the eleven are a former prostitute, an obese person, a homosexual, a person of mixed heritage, and other interesting individuals. The lifeboat may be able to reach a deserted island. The question is, which seven if any would a Confucian, a Taoist and a Legalist choose to save and why? This paper is extremely interesting and comes up with some surprising answers. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: JGAlboat.wps

"Oration on the Dignity of Man" by Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola
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A 5 page paper which provides a summary and then reaction to Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola's "Oration on the Dignity of Man." No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAmirndl.rtf

"The Dream of Descartes" by Jacques Maritain
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A 6 page review of Jacques Maritain's "The Dream of Descartes." No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAmaritn.rtf

A Comparison of Ideas: Nietzsche and Mill
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This 4 page paper examines the works of Friedrich Nietzsche and John Stuart Mill. Ideas focusing on freedom and government are discussed. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: SA430NaM.rtf

A Dialogue on the Belief in the Existence of God
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This is a 7 page paper presenting a possible dialogue regarding arguments about the belief in the existence of God. A theoretical dialogue between a theist (T) and an atheist (A) includes various arguments in regards to the belief in the existence of God including reference to works by C.S. Lewis, Richard Taylor, Anselm, W.T. Stace and Alan Watts among others. While several of the fundamental arguments are denied by the atheist, overall a denial of belief of the existence of God cannot be maintained based on most of the theist’s arguments relating to the fact that through reason, intuition and moral actions, people have come to believe in something which exists outside of the natural world yet remains influential within it; a belief in the existence of God which cannot be denied. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TJGodex1.rtf

A Look at O'Leary-Hawthorne's Arguments for Atheism
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This 7 page paper focuses on the author's point concerning a priori knowledge. The arguments for atheism are explored. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA545the.rtf

A Philosophical Consideration of God's Existence
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An 8 page consideration of the question of whether God exists. The author emphasizes the arguments of St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas and contrasts them with the arguments of Kant. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPgodEx2.rtf

A. Cressy Morrison’s “Seven Reasons Why a Scientist Believes in God”
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This 5 page report discusses the essay written by the scientist A. Cressy Morrison. His essay was written, published, and widely discussed throughout the 1940s and ‘50s. Morrison does not present ideas based only on religious belief but on specific and indisputable facts. No secondary sources listed in bibliography .
Filename: BWscigod.wps

Abortion And Mill's On Liberty
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The concepts of personal freedom, liberty and the pursuit of happiness are an integral component of the social system in the United States. This 5 page paper explores the issue of abortion from the perspective provided by John Stuart Mill in On Liberty. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KTlibabt.rtf

Abortion: Applying Rene Descartes And David Hume's Philosophies
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5 pages in length. David Hume and Rene Descartes viewed the world from two completely diverse perspectives. When applying their respective philosophies to the subject of abortion, the student will readily understand just how divergent their viewpoints truly were. In effect, Hume supported the concept of determinism as opposed to Descartes' endorsement of free will. In establishing the essence of these principles, it is essential for the student to understand the difference between the two representations. When one is cast forward by way of determinism, it is as though one has absolutely no control over the various and sundry occurrences that take place during one's life. Free will, on the other hand, speaks to the concept of having full authority over one's aspirations and ultimate direction, reflecting the exact opposite of those ruled by determinism. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCAbHum.rtf

Adam And Eve: Free Will Or Influenced By The Snake?
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5 pages in length. Was Adam and Eve bound by weakness or were their actions the result of free will? God warned Adam and Eve not to eat from the Tree of Conscience, but they did not heed his admonition. Convinced by the serpent that committing sin would pose them no harm, they were easily tricked into believing this was true. This coaxing appeared to bee all the incentive they needed to sin against the Lord, causing Him to lose faith in their trustworthiness, but were they truly to blame? Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCAdmEv.rtf

Adams; Should God Create Good?
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This 5 page paper considers the Essay by Adams entitled 'Must God Create Good' and considers the arguments put forward regarding the obligations of God and man towards potential life and the moral obligations that can be argued as well as are often perceived by society. The bibliography cites 3 sources.
Filename: TEgoodgd.wps

Adler's How To Think About God
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This 5 page paper explores the philosophical argument concerning the existence of God made by Mortimer Adler in his book, How to Think about God: A Guide for the 20th-Century Pagan. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KTpagans.wps

Adler, Aquinas, and Analogical Language
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A five page paper looking at the question of analogical language's usefulness in theological discussions, based on the theories of Mortimer Adler and St. Thomas Aquinas. The paper distinguishes analogical language from other kinds, and then shows why it still is inadequate to communicate the nature of God. Bibliography lists one source.
Filename: KBadler.wps

Aestheticism According to Nietzsche and Cassian
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This 5 page paper examines these theorists' ideas about aestheticism. The paper concludes that Nietzsche's ideas are more practical. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA714NaC.rtf

An Analysis of Hume's "Miracles" Essay:
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This 4 page paper explores the basic ideas in Hume's "Miracles" essay and theoretically addresses how Hume might respond to psychic John Edwards. This paper presents the reasons why Hume would not support the work of Edwards based upon his philosophical ideology. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: GSHumirc.rtf

An Examination of the Soul According to Plato
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This 8 page paper examines Plato's ideas regarding the soul. Parts of the soul are discussed. Plato's theory of forms is included as a part of the investigation into the human soul. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA446sol .rtf

An Exploration of Good Will
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This 6 page paper focuses on Kant's interpretation of good will. Several aspects are explored and examples are provided. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: SA229Knt.rtf

Analysis of Julian Barnes', "A History of the World in 10 1/2 Chapters":
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This 4 page paper presents an analysis of this unique and startling fictional account of the history of the world, illuminating its commentary on spirituality and human nature. Furthermore, this paper examines this work in light of other great works of literature, such as the book of Genesis, Augustine's "Confessions", Freud's "Civilization and its Discontents", and others. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: GSHiswrl.rtf

Anselm Of Canterbury & His Ontological Argument
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This 5 page essay briefly reviews the life and work of St. Anselm (1033-1109) who has been known as one of the forebearers of early theological hypothesis. The bibliography lists four sources.
Filename: Anselm.wps

Anselm, Aquinas, Descartes/Existence of God
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A 3 page essay that contrasts and compares the arguments of Anselm and Aquinas on the existence of God and then briefly discusses Descartes' view. Theologians and philosophers throughout history have formulated arguments that are designed to prove, logically, that God exists. This examination of three of these arguments looks first at the proofs of God's existence offered by Anselm and Aquinas. These two theologians take opposite approaches, with Anselm offering an a priori, ontological proof, while Aquinas formulates a cosmological, a posteriori argument. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khanaqde.rtf

Anselm’s Ontological Arguments
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A 5 page research paper/essay that discusses the first and second ontological arguments of Anselm of Canterbury (1033-1109), who was the first medieval theologian to propose an ontological argument on the existence of God. An ontological argument is a method that relies on logic alone, rather than scripture, as it endeavors to establish a priori proof that God exists. Then, the writer discusses the response written by Anselm’s contemporary Gaunilo of Marmoutier. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khansont.rtf

Aquinas, Kant and Others
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This 6 page paper focuses on St. Thomas Aquinas and Immanuel Kant by incorporating comments and answering questions posed by a student. Several issues are discussed including the existence of God. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA050Aqu.wps

Aquinas: First Mover and First Cause
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A paper which looks critically at Aquinas's Five Ways, and at the problems inherent in his arguments for the First Mover and First Cause. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: JLaqways.rtf

Are Emotions Wholly Different from the Rational Intellect? A Discussion Using Some Arguments from Plato’s “Republic”
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This is a 6 page paper discussing emotions and rational intellect. Traditionally in ancient Greek philosophy as seen in Plato’s Republic, emotions are considered as separate from rational intellect. In Plato, he presents three souls in the human body which consist of rational intellect, emotions and will. For Plato, all three souls must work in harmony in order for a man to be considered just. Regardless of Plato’s arguments however, examples can be given which show that perhaps emotions and intellect are not developmentally separate and in all cases, the intellect and emotions have an effect on each other in addition to having a mutual control over the will. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: TJemots1.rtf

Argument: Blaise Pascal’s Statement about Religion and Evil is Wrong
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This 4 page paper argues that Blaise Pascal’s famous statement, “Men never do evil so completely and cheerfully as when they do it from religious conviction,” is incorrect. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: HVNoPscl.rtf

Arguments on the Existence of God
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A 6 page research paper that examines the position of eighteenth century philosopher David Hume concerning the existence of God in his Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion. The writer outlines the parameters of a cosmological argument for the existence of God and then summarizes the discussion in Hume's text, arguing that, while Hume shows that such an argument does not necessarily prove that God exists, it does not disprove it either. The writer then reconciles scientific theory with belief in God as a creator. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: khhumgod.rtf

Arguments Relating to the Existence of God
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This is a 6 page paper discussing the arguments used for the existence of God. The existence of God has long been a topic of philosophy, religion and science and continues to fascinate. Traditional arguments over the existence of God were based on design, ontological, cosmological (first cause), moral, reason or rational issues. Recently, the cosmological issues which relate to science and the big bang theory can lend themselves to arguments for the existence of God within the scientific paradigm which not only includes cause but also relative universe and time factors. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TJexGod1.rtf

Aristotle & Augustine/Religion & Ethics
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A 3 page essay/research paper that contrasts Aristotle's ethics against those of Augustine. Contrasting with these two extremes, contemporary philosopher William Frankena has sought to bring secular and religious moral philosophy into constructive engagement. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: khariaug.rtf

Aristotle & Sermon On The Mount
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A 5 page paper that discusses the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5-7) and Aristotle's The Aim of Man. Goodness and virtue is discussed as it is expressed in these two works. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PGarmtm.RTF