| The
Human Hand : A 4 page paper that provides an overview of the structure of the
human hand. This paper considers the role of muscles, ligaments, tendons and bone in
creating the movement of the hand. Bibliography lists 3 sources. Humanhan.wps
Anatomy Of The Shoulder : A detailed, 11
page look at the shoulder's anatomy, and some of the injuries that can occur from common
activities such as throwing and general overextension. Techniques for treatment and care
of the shoulder are presented. Also useful to those studying sports & sports medicine.
Bibliography lists 9 sources. Shouanat.wps
Shoulder Injuries & Sports Injuries / Common
Injuries, Evaluation and Treatment :
A 10 page paper that provides an overview of the problem of shoulder injuries in sports
medicine, and evaluates current treatment options as well as prevention models.
Bibliography lists 6 sources. Shoulinj.wps
Rotator Cuff Injuries : A 9 page
paper discussing the causes and treatments of rotator cuff injuries as well as alternative
therapies. Bibliography lists 12 sources. Rotator.doc
Rotator Cuff Injuries / Conservative Care
Utilizing Exercise : A 5 page overview of conservative care for rotator
cuff injuries. Emphasizes the appropriateness of carefully-designed exercise regimes.
Bibliography lists 5 sources. Rotcuff.wps
Functional Analysis of a Forehand Ground
Stroke in Tennis : The forehand ground stroke in tennis requires the coordination
of more than 130 muscles in the legs, back, shoulder and arm for the approach, the back
swing (initiation), the forward swing and the contact, and the deceleration. This 20 page
paper provides a functional analysis of the forehand ground stroke in tennis by evaluating
the connection between skeletal and muscular components in evaluating elements like range
of motion, the phases of the swing, and the desired effect (hitting the ball) that come
into play in determining the physical motion of the swing. Bibliography lists 20 sources. Tenstr.wps
The Major Muscle Groups / An Overview
: A 10 page paper describing the five major muscle groups and providing specific
information for a representative muscle from each. Includes six drawings of various
muscles as well as information regarding their origin, insertion, function, and
innervation. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Muscgrup.wps
Muscle Strength and Running Speed : A 22
page thesis that supports the correlation between muscle strength and increased running
speed for non-professional athletes in a 50 meter sprint. The writer goes into great
detail and examines in-depth research in this model. Bibliography lists 14 sources. Running.wps
Muscle Strain / Causes, Prevention &
Treatment : A 10 page analysis of the causes of muscle strain, prevention and
treatment. The writer presents this information by analyzing current medical literature on
the subject and compares the causes, prevention methods and treatments for professional
athletes vs. non-athletes. The paper includes two appendices, incorporating five tables of
research results and drugs used to treat muscle strain in the U.S. and Canada.
Bibliography lists 14 sources. Msclstrn.wps
Musical Influences of the 18th Century : A
4 page essay on how the music of the 18th century reflected the philosophical, social and
political climate of the time. The writer particularly emphasizes how the music of Mozart
reflected and perpetuated this ideas of the Enlightenment. Bibliography lists 3 sources. Moz18th.wps
Exercise & Anxiety : An 8 page
research paper exploring the relationship between exercise and anxiety. The writer begins
by offering operational definitions, the results of a literature search and concludes with
a summary and recommendations for further research. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Exercise.wps
The Physiological Manifestations of Stress :
An 11 page overview of the physiological manifestations of stress. Includes specific
information regarding the physiologies of three stress induced conditions: inflammatory
bowel disease, migraine headaches, and memory loss due to impaired mossy fiber function.
Bibliography lists 10 sources. Stresphy.wps
The Kinesiology Of
Bowling : A 5 page paper that provides an overview of the kinesiology of bowling,
including a look at the sagittal view, extension, flexing, eccentric and concentric
movements, and the relationship between the bones and muscles during the game.
Bibliography lists 10 sources. Bowling2.doc
The Endocrine System : A 10 page
overview of the endocrine system. Includes specific information on the Ovary
(follicle and corpus luteum), Testis, Pancreas, Adrenal glands (medulla and cortex),
Thymus, Parathyroid gland, Thyroid, Posterior pituitary gland, Anterior pituitary gland,
Hypothalamus and the Pineal gland as well as on their function, hormones, and regulators.
Bibliography lists 5 sources. Endsys.wps
Exercise-Induced Asthma : A 6 page paper
on the causes of asthma and its relationship to exercise. Main focus is on yourth sports
in schools. Subjects covered include: medications, alternative treatments (warm-ups,
masks/scarves, swimming for cardiovascular and strength training, relaxation), and what
school coaches and parents in combination can do to help young athletes. Bibliography
lists 6 sources. Exasthma.wps
Oxytocin : A 6 page research paper
describing the purposes and effects of oxytocin. Oxytocin is one of two hormones produced
in the hypothalamus and released by the pituatary glands. It is called the "touch
hormone" because it has been found to be associated with the bonding that occurs
between mother and child. Studies using this hormone in inducing labor are reported.
Bibliography is included. Oxytocin.wps
Women's Basketball Injuries / Damage to The
Anterior Cruciate Ligament :
This 12 page, comprehensive research paper examines common basketball injuries, preventive
techniques, and which groups are more likely to suffer from them. At least 80% of the
discussion focuses upon women's injuries and physiological factors causing the gender to
suffer more frequently from damages to the anterior cruciate ligament specifically.
Numerous studies are cited. Bibliography lists more than 20 sources. Sportinj.wps
Ergonomics : A 5 page overview of
the benefits of an ergonomically correct workplace. Stresses that preplanning,
prioritization, and training are the key to a successful ergonomic program. Bibliography
lists 4 sources. Ergon.wps
Ergonomics and the Spine : A 5
page overview of the incidence of back injury as a result of repetitive or awkward motion
and poor ergonomic design. Discusses the frequency of back injuries and stresses the
importance of redesigning the workplace to better accommodate specific tasks. Bibliography
lists 5 sources. Ergospine.wps
Research Proposal: A 6 page paper
proposing a research project designed to discover some of the mechanisms of pathogenesis
of rheumatoid arthritis resulting from the influence of rheumatoid factor. Early research
discovered elevated levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in patients seropositive for
rheumatoid arthritis, but it was not known if there was any relation between the presence
of these IgG substances and the presentation of rheumatoid arthritis. It has since been
established that IgG, as well as other dimers of Ig have some primary role in either the
development or the advance of the disease, and it is believed that the role has at least
some causative effect. The purpose of this proposed research is to attempt
to discover what that effect might be. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Rearthr.wps
Research Proposal # 2 : A 6 page
paper proposing specific research. One of the perplexing realities of the body of
knowledge surrounding some of the paths of differentiation and affinities of specific
molecules and specific genes is that they frequently behave in ways unexpected under
current theory. Despite the fact that immunoglobulin (Ig) and T-cell receptor genes use
the same recombinases, Ig genes are functionally rearranged only in B-cells and TCR genes
only in T-cells. The basis for this lineage specificity of antigen receptor gene
expression is still not well understood. The purpose of this proposed research is to
attempt to determine why the genes are arranged only in the narrowly specified cell types.
Bibliography lists 11 sources. Resrcig.wps
*Many more relevant papers scattered throughout*
Click Here For Biology
& Human Bioolgy
(Check the MEDICINE &
MEDICAL ISSUES section !)
Astrology
& Astronomy : A 7 page historical survey of the bond of Astrology and
Astronomy and how as the result of the scientific method that bond was broken. And how
both are still influencing us today. Lists four sources in bibliography Astroast rtf
Cosmogony / An Overview : A 12
page exploration of Astronomical Cosmology or Cosmogony, the branch of astrology and
astrophysics which studies the origin of the universe. Includes an explanation of the Big
Bang theory, the nature of light, gravity, the Doppler effect, dark matter, Olber's
paradox, background radiation, the theory of relativity, and inflation. Bibliography lists
nine sources. Cosmogon.wps
Cosmology : 5 pages in length.
The concept of human beings understanding everything about their universe is preposterous
and arrogant. We truly do not have any idea what has transpired, is occurring or will
happen within the cosmos, even with the aid of scientific data. There are just some things
that cannot be obtained merely for the asking. The writer delves into the deeper meaning
behind the universe and discusses why mortals are not likely to be the ones who find out
the secrets of the cosmos. Bibliography lists 2 sources. Cosmolgy.wps
History & Use of the Mayan Calendar :
8 pages in length. A thorough discussion of Native Indian (Mexico) rituals concerning the
use of the sun and moon as instruments to determine calendar dates. The creation, carving,
and shaping of actual Mayan calendars is discussed as is the culture's ancient numbering
system - figures of dots and bars based on five. Annual calendar cycles and chronology are
explained in great detail. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Mayancal.wps
Gravitation : An 8 page paper on the
history of gravity as a known aspect of science. The writer describes the significance of
the discovery of gravity using a historical overview. Kepler, Galileo, & Newton are
among the many names discussed. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Gravity.wps
Primordial Black Holes : A good, 6
page overview of the phenomena of primordial black holes. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Blckhol.wps
Star Birth : A 5 page paper discussing
how stars are born, dwarf stars, and a brief description of the life of a star. Also
includes graphics of different phases of star birth. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Starbirth.wps
A Star is Born : An 8 page paper
detailing the birth of a star. A star, like the sun, is a compiled mass of gases. In the
examination of the birth of a star we first discuss the formation in a simple description.
This is followed by a plausible theory for the formation of our solar system, which gives
a very good look at the involvement of stars, as well as the formation and creation of
one. It has often been said that we are all made up of the stars when it comes right down
to basics, that is if one believes in the big bang theory. This is also discussed briefly
along with a current illustration and description of red stars, which helps to illustrate
what stars are and how they can often differ from one another. Bibliography lists 5
sources. Starborn.wps
The Sun, The Planets & Our Solar System
: A comprehensive 8 page research paper on the solar system. Included in the
discussion are : a solar system's definition, the Sun's composition, properties of all
nine known planets, man's efforts to explore the solar system, and more...All terms are
defined and plenty of statistical information is included. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Solarsys.wps
Galaxies & What They Are / A
Comprehensive Overview : A 5 page research paper on some of the available
information about galaxies in general, including classification types, estimated numbers
(more than 50 billion!), and some of the current research into the origins, nature and
future of the Universe. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Galaxy.wps
Exploring the Milky Way Galaxy : 5
pages in length. A comprehensive research paper-- explaining our galaxy (The "Milky
Way") in great detail. The writer describes the history of man's early exploration
via telescope, the distance and brightness of stars, attempts to assess The Milky Way's
age, problems with matter, and the size/relevance relationship between our own solar
system and others. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Milkyway.wps
The Benefits of Space Exploration : A 7
page essay on some of the benefits realized through the efforts of the nation’s space
programs. Critics maintain that the billions spent on space exploration would be better
used in other ways, that there are no actual benefits realized aside from boosted egos.
Topics the paper addresses include: ozone studies, medical advances of MRI and
telemedicine, light touches on robotics, the cable TV industry and Teflon®, and their
effect both on the nation’s people and on the national economy. FREE outline
included. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Spaceex2.wps
The Hubble Space Telescope : A 5 page
research paper which looks at the Hubble Space Telescope and the ramifications of some of
its discoveries on the science of astronomy. The writer discusses what the Hubble has
revealed about our own solar system and also the numerous paradoxes that the images from
the Hubble have uncovered that may eventually revolutionize current scientific thinking.
Bibliography lists 8 sources. Hubble.wps
The History Of Unmanned Space Flight : A
9 page paper that provides a history of unmanned space flight that has lead up to the Mars
Pathfinder mission and the interrelationship of all of those missions to the eventual
human habitation of another planets, namely, Mars. The quest for Mars was begun 40 years
ago, and all of the space exploration to date, manned or unmanned, including discoveries
about earth and the universe, have been made toward this purpose. Bibliography lists 7
sources. Unmanned.wps
The Space Shuttle Challenger & Basic
Economic Issues : A 3 page essay reviewing the Challenger space shuttle accident
and the amount of money spent of the space program. Considering the number of homeless and
hungry in our country, the writer offers a proposal for a better use of the money spent on
space shuttles. Bibliography provided. Chall.wps
The Challenger Disaster / A Study In Ethics
: An 11 page case study examining the events and findings regarding a booster rocket
design flaw in the space shuttle series of which Challenger was part. Roger Boisjoly was a
red-flag-waving engineer who was regarded as the country’s leading expert in the
area, yet his company, Morton Thiolkol, refused to listen to his concerns about the safety
of the entire mission. Challenger exploded just after liftoff on January 28, 1986.
Boisjoly began to formulate his theories fully one year before. One source cited. Cha.wps
How Has The Space Program Progressed? :
6 pages in length. Inasmuch as the space program started out as more of a competition
between nations, it has blossomed into its own fruition. Originally a quest to attain
first bragging rights with regard to space exploration, the program began as the result of
a rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States around the time of the Cold War.
At that time, there was no way America was going to be outdone by the Soviets when it came
to space exploration; because of the United States' steadfastness to achieve greater
success, the space program was implemented in full swing. What has come from such intense
dedication can fill a multi-volume collection, from all the positive and wonderful aspects
to all the regretful and unfavorable events. The writer discusses how the world has gained
much knowledge about what exists beyond this planet through the explorations of the space
program, an adventure that might not have otherwise come into existence if it were not for
the inherent desire to be the best. Bibliography lists 5 sources. TLCspace.wps
Space Exploration Beyond The 1990's / Space
Stations : This 7 page research paper looks at the future of U.S. space
exploration in light of its somewhat turbulent past. Specifically examined is a proposal
to build a space station which will conduct extensive research for the benefit of mankind.
The role of NASA, relevant political controversy, and financial obstacles to building such
a station are discussed. Growing environmental problems caused by space debris are of
particular importance to this discussion. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Spaceexp.wps
Space Commercialization / SPACEHAB, Inc. : A
15 page research paper that first explores commercialization of space and the space
industry then focuses on SPACEHAB, Inc., the sole producer and provider habitable space
modules. A brief history of SPACEHAB, acquisitions, contracts and financial data is
provided. For clarity and comparison, 5 tables are presented reflecting the financial
health of the company. The paper concludes with a financial analysis. Bibliography lists
12 sources. Spacehab.wps
The Infrared Space Observatory : This 10
page report on the European Space Agency’s Infrared Space Observatory
(ISO) gives an overview of what the ISO’s investigations are revealing, why
its observations are in demand, and how its discoveries are beginning to rewrite the
textbooks on astronomy. Bibliography lists four sources. Infrared.wps
The Possibility Of Life On Mars : This 7
page paper reviews the vast amount of information scientists currently have about life on
Mars and speculates on what else might be discovered. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Marslife.wps
The Rings of Saturn : A 5 page research
paper exploring aspects of Saturn's Rings. Topics include hypotheses of composition of the
rings, leakage from the rings, the latest ring found, and what scientists hope the Cassini
will reveal. Bibliography included. Satring.wps
Active Volcanoes On The Planet Venus : A
2 page paper on findings from the early 1990's which show a number of geologic activities
on the Earth's "twin" planet Venus,-- including live volcanoes and dramatic
faulting. It is concluded that while the "case" of active volcanoes on Venus has
not yet been entirely settled, there is indeed plenty of room for future research.
Bibliography lists 2 sources. Venusact.wps
Sun Spots & Scientific Controversy :
A 5 page definitonal overview of what sun spots are, how they are formed, etc; The writer
is particularly concerned with what sun spots say about the future..Some scientists have
initiated great controversy by bringing up issues concerning their potentially harmful
effects-- even the suggestion that sunspots are indicative of another Ice Age ! Research
is analyzed and it is concluded that while it seems as though scientists do have strong
reason to believe that sun spots have a significant correlation to weather and the
environment, they can not yet agree with certainty upon what implications they might have
for our future. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Sunspots.wps
Supernovas -- Stars On Their Death Bed :
This 6 page research paper describes the phenomenon of supernova, their various types, and
occurrences. Research concerning particular supernovas (1987a, 1993j, etc;) is presented
and the specific processes as we understand them thus far are explained in great detail.
Bibliography lists 6 sources. Supernov.wps
The Stars' Names & Greek Mythological Origin
: 25 pages worth of extensively detailed discussion relevant to how the stars and
constellations derived their names from Greek mythology/stories. Bibliography lists 11
sources. Greeksta.wps
"(The) First Reasonable Theory That
Planets Exist in other Solar Systems" : A brief two page report on findings
from 1992. 2 sources listed in bibliography. Good for those studying issues, events,
and/or controversy within astronomy. Astreven.wps
The Mystery Of Unidentified Flying
Objects (UFOs) : The question of life existing beyond the confines
of our own planet and the visitations that such beings might make to our world, is one
that pre-dates the twentieth century. In this 10 page research paper, the writer explores
the mystery of U.F.O.s, historical "sightings," government reports, and the
ensuing controversy today. Statistics concerning the number of people who claim to have
seen a UFO are cited and alternative explanations are provided. It is ultimately concluded
that while flying saucers may very well exist, such can not yet be proven. Bibliography
lists 10 sources. Ufos.wps
Argument/ The Roswell New Mexico UFO Crash Was A
Government Cover-up :
A 5 page examination of the Roswell incident which involved government
investigation of what is presumed to be a UFO crash. The writer examines the eye-witness
testimony, reports about government documents, and press releases. It is argued and
concluded that this crash was indeed a bonafide UFO and that fact has been intentionally
suppressed by our government. Bibliography lists five sources. Roswell.wps
(The) Apollo Space Program : 13
pages on the Apollo Space Program; Its mission, success & failures etc; Specifically
covered are Apollo I, VIII, IX, & XIII. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Apollosp.wps
Neil Armstrong : A 6 page biography of
astronaut Neil Armstrong-- most commonly known as the first man to walk on the moon.
Bibliography lists 10 sources. Armstron.wps
Astronaut Sally Ride -- First American
Woman In Space : A 5 page overview of the life & contributions of astronaut
Sally Ride, the first American woman in space. Ride's work in the field, space missions
and scientific research are discussed. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Sallyrid.wps
Yuri Gagarin : A 10 page research paper
outlining the life of Yuri Gagarin. The writer describes the life of Yuri Gagarin, first
human in space (Russian), traces his historic space flight and his life following that
event. Bibliography lists 7 references. Yurigagi.wps
Johannes Kepler / German Astronomer : An
11 page look at the life, works, & contributions of German astronomer Johannes Kepler
(1571-1630) who (among other things)-- studied ellipses and created the self-named
"Kepler's Laws." The writer presents an excellent overview of numerous writings
by Kepler and elaborates a detailed explanation of the laws he posited. A
"working" (annotated) bibliography of approximately 8 sources is included and an
extended reading list names 40 relevant sources. Kepler.wps
Tycho Brahe / Danish Astronomer : A 6
page research paper that traces the life and contributions of the famous Sixteenth Century
Astronomer. Brahe's scientific works gained him recognition in his own time as well as a
permanent place in history. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Brahe.wps
Galileo Galelei and the Heliocentric Model
: 10 pages in length. A discussion of the life and works of Galileo and the
religious controversy that surrounded his heliocentric model. Galileo was among the first
to suggest that the planets revolved around the sun and not around the Earth. The specific
reason and issues surrounding his condemnation are examined. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Galile2.wps
Galileo Galilei - His Impact On Our Lives Today
: A 7 page paper on the Renaissance mathematician, scientist and inventor which
examines his legacy to us as we live in a modern world influenced by the scientific
perspectives and methods he espoused during his life. Current applications of discoveries,
inventions, and philosophy of science pioneered by Galileo in a wider variety of fields
are discussed. Bibliography list 17 Sources. Galpap.wps
Turmoil Created By The Heliocentric Theory :
A 9 page history of the turmoil created by the revelation of the heliocentric theory by
Copernicus, Keppler and Galileo in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Bibliography
lists nine sources. Earthmov.wps
Carl Sagan’s "The Demon-Haunted World
-- Science As A Candle In The Dark" :
A 5 page paper in which the writer provides an overview of Sagan's book.
Demon-Haunted World challenges many of theories formed from developments in science and
technology regarding space travel and the presence of life from other worlds. The paper
contends that Sagan's challenging of current scientific myths supports his theory that
increases in science and technology have developed into a social focus. No additional
sources cited. Carls.wps
Zubrin & Wagner / The Case for Mars --
Settling the Red Planet : A 5 page paper that provides an overview of Zubrin &
Wagner's book which examines the importance of Mars exploration. The writer demonstrates
the applicability of their work in science and technology and demonstrates why it is
important to the overall efficacy of the space program. Zubrin.wps
Sputnik : A 7 page paper discussing
sputnik. The history of sputnik is discussed, which involves the various effects and
influences the launching of this satellite had upon the general condition of te American
people. The race in space was, for all purposes, nothing more than a reflection of the
race in the arms department. Russia’s ability to launch satellites was directly
related to their ability to launch nuclear warheads into the United States, and as such
the American people were greatly disturbed. While this space race went on for some years,
it eventually slowed down and became null and void, altering into a real concern for space
travel as opposed to a concern for warfare. Bibliography lists 7 sources. RAsput.wps
Satellite Communications : A 12 page
paper that provides an overview of the development of satellite communications since
Sputnik. The writer also outlines the issues and international impacts of this type of
technology. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Commsati.wps
The Use of Satellites in Wireless
Communication : A 10 page research paper discussing the increasing use of
satellite technology in the wireless communication industry. This paper discusses a
description of the subject matter, the current state of technology in this field, and then
presents the advantages, disadvantages and present and future trends in the use of
satellites in wireless communications systems. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Wiresat.wps
Gaps Between Theory and Application of
Satellite Communications: This 11 page report discusses the gaps between the
theories related to satellite communications and their applications as compared with the
actual practice being utilized or expanded upon. An ever-increasing number of applications
of international communications satellite technology have developed in the past forty
years but many of those applications are still variations on the communications theme.
This paper both discusses satellites and their capabilities but also examines the number
of potential satellite applications that have received little attention or development.
Bibliography lists 11 sources. BWsat.rtf
The Probability of Intelligent Life Forms on
Other Planets : In 5 pages the author discusses the probability of intelligent
life forms on other plants around other stars. When one considers the "alien life
form" concept, it is generally in a humorous or scary way as portrayed in the great
number of sci-fi movies about aliens. One movie has been shown in recent years that is
more real to life than imaginable. That movie is "Contact," which starred Jodie
Foster as Ph.D. Astronomer Ellie Arroway. Although the movie was science fiction, it was
real enough to make viewers ponder the real possibility of intelligent life on other
planets around other stars. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Lifeform.wps
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